Direct Fabrication of High-Aspect Ratio Anodic Aluminum Oxide with Continuous Pores on Conductive Glass

Hill, Justin J.; Haller, Kelly; Ziegler, Kirk J.

doi:10.1149/1.3506007

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In this work, the time required to achieve the stabilization of current is only around 30 s, probably due to the fact that the anodization was performed on relatively thin aluminium. The slight decrease in j observed just after 4 min (figure 2, section C) corresponds to a decrease in resistivity due to depletion of Al in the interface substrate / electrolyte, and the further increase indicates the occurrence of oxygen evolution, because the electrolyte has reached the gold layer [21]. was applied since the use of subsequent high current density during electrodeposition supersedes the limitations [23,24].…”

Section: Aao Templatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and magnetic characterization of batch-fabricated nickel encapsulated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Zeeshan¹,

Shou²,

Pellicer³

et al. 2011

Nanotechnology

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We report on the growth and fabrication of Ni-filled multi-walled carbon nanotubes (NiMWNTs) with an average diameter of 115 nm and variable length of 400 nm -1 µm. The NiMWNTs were grown using template-assisted electrodeposition and low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) techniques. Anodized alumina oxide (AAO) templates were fabricated on Si using a current controlled process. This was followed by the electrodeposition of Ni nanowires (NWs) using galvanostatic pulsed current (PC) electrodeposition. Ni NWs served as the catalyst to grow Ni-MWNTs in an atmosphere of H 2 /C 2 H 2 at a temperature of 700 o C. Time dependent depositions were carried out to understand the diffusion and growth mechanism of Ni-MWNTs. Characterization was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), focused ion beam (FIB) milling, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). TEM analysis revealed that the Ni nanowires possess fcc structure. To understand the effects of the electrodeposition parameters, and also the effects of the high temperatures encountered during MWNT growth on the magnetic properties of the Ni-MWNTs, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements were performed. The template based fabrication method is repeatable, efficient, enables batch fabrication and provides good control on the dimensions of the Ni-MWNTs.2

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Section: Aao Templatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and magnetic characterization of batch-fabricated nickel encapsulated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Zeeshan¹,

Shou²,

Pellicer³

et al. 2011

Nanotechnology

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“…For transport characterization, organic nanowires are grown within such pores and the nanowires are therefore in direct contact with the aluminum substrate, which acts as the bottom electrode. It is important to note that this pore growth process can be executed on arbitrary substrates like glass, indium tin oxide (ITO), silicon etc 43–45. and a recent work has also shown independent control over pore diameter and interpore spacing 46.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Template‐Assisted Synthesis of π‐Conjugated Molecular Organic Nanowires in the Sub‐100 nm Regime and Device Implications

Alam

Singh

Starko‐Bowes

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

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Template-Assisted Synthesis of π -Conjugated Molecular Organic Nanowires in the Sub-100 nm Regime and Device Implicationsπ -conjugated molecular organics such as rubrene, Alq 3 , fullerene, and PCBM have been used extensively over the last few decades in numerous organic electronic devices, including solar cells, thin-fi lm transistors, and large-area, low-cost fl exible displays. Rubrene and Alq 3 , have emerged as promising platforms for spin-based classical and quantum information processing, which has triggered signifi cant research activity in the relatively new area of organic spintronics. Synthesis of these materials in a nanowire geometry, with feature sizes in the sub-100 nm regime, is desirable as it often enhances device performance and is essential for development of high-density molecular electronic devices. However, fabrication techniques that meet this stringent size constraint are still largely underdeveloped. Here, a novel, versatile, and reagentless method that enables growth of nanowire arrays of the above-mentioned organics in the cylindrical nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates is demonstrated. This method 1) allows synthesis of high-density organic nanowire arrays on arbitrary substrates, 2) provides electrical access to the nanowire arrays, 3) offers tunability of the array geometry in a range overlapping with the relevant physical length scales of many organic devices, and 4) can potentially be extended to synthesize axially and radially heterostructured organic nanowires. Thus prepared nanowires are characterized extensively with an aim to identify their potential applications in diverse areas such as organic optoelectronics, photovoltaics, molecular nanoelectronics, and spintronics.

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“…Another shortcoming of the self-ordering method is the need of long anodization time and a relatively thick aluminum layer. Thus, the method does not apply easily to aluminum thin films deposited on a substrate [14]. Furthermore, the domain size with hexagonal packed pores is limited to several micrometers; it is difficult to obtain long range order through the self-organization process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide with a long-range order and tunable cell sizes by phosphoric acid anodization on pre-patterned substrates

Surawathanawises¹,

Cheng²

2014

Electrochimica Acta

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Nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) has been explored for various applications due to its regular cell arrangement and relatively easy fabrication processes. However, conventional two-step anodization based on self-organization only allows the fabrication of a few discrete cell sizes and formation of small domains of hexagonally packed pores. Recent efforts to pre-pattern aluminum followed with anodization significantly improve the regularity and available pore geometries in AAO, while systematic study of the anodization condition, especially the impact of acid composition on pore formation guided by nanoindentation is still lacking. In this work, we pre-patterned aluminium thin films using ordered monolayers of silica beads and formed porous AAO in a single-step anodization in phosphoric acid. Controllable cell sizes ranging from 280 nm to 760 nm were obtained, matching the diameters of the silica nanobead molds used. This range of cell size is significantly greater than what has been reported for AAO formed in phosphoric acid in the literature. In addition, the relationships between the acid concentration, cell size, pore size, anodization voltage and film growth rate were studied quantitatively. The results are consistent with the theory of oxide formation through an electrochemical reaction. Not only does this study provide useful operational conditions of nanoindentation induced anodization in phosphoric acid, it also generates significant information for fundamental understanding of AAO formation.

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Direct Fabrication of High-Aspect Ratio Anodic Aluminum Oxide with Continuous Pores on Conductive Glass

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

Structural and magnetic characterization of batch-fabricated nickel encapsulated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Structural and magnetic characterization of batch-fabricated nickel encapsulated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Template‐Assisted Synthesis of π‐Conjugated Molecular Organic Nanowires in the Sub‐100 nm Regime and Device Implications

Nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide with a long-range order and tunable cell sizes by phosphoric acid anodization on pre-patterned substrates

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