Direct Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Volatiles Produced By Ripening Pears

Romani, Roger J.; Ku, Lily Lim

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1966.tb01904.x

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Direct analysis of equilibrium headspace vapor has been employed widely to isolate pear volatiles (Buttery and Teranishi 1961;Romani and Ku 1966;Giannone and Baldrati 1967;Paillard et al 1970;Janes and Frenkel 1978;Romani et al 1983;Rizzolo et al 1991;Eccher-Zerbini et al 1993;Richardson and Kossittrakun 1995;Lange 1997;Eccher-Zerbini and Grassi 1998;Chervin et al 2000;Eccher-Zerbini 2000;Oshita et al 2000;Pinto et al 2001). Romani and Ku (1966) encountered similar limitations while isolating pear volatiles from 'Bartlett' fruits. However, this technique did not allow for detection of high-boiling point compounds due to insufficient partition into the gas headspace volume.…”

Section: B Isolation and Concentration Of Pear Volatilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pear Fruit Volatiles

Rapparini

Predieri

2002

Horticultural Reviews

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Section: B Isolation and Concentration Of Pear Volatilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pear Fruit Volatiles

Rapparini

Predieri

2002

Horticultural Reviews

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“…The tissues of apple fruit release an array of volatile terpenes after wounding and during climacteric ripening (Brown et al 1966;Romani and Ku 1966;Cunningham et al 1986;Mattheis et al 1991). These compounds contribute to the characteristic aroma of apple fruit and flowers and can act as antifeedant defense compounds as well as insect pheromones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and functional expression of an ( E , E )-a-farnesene synthase cDNA from peel tissue of apple fruit

Pechous

Whitaker

2004

Planta

144

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Increased production of terpenes and many other aroma-related volatiles occurs with the onset of ripening in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) fruit. The gaseous plant hormone ethylene plays a key role in the induction of volatile synthesis, but the mechanism is not yet understood. Using a degenerate primer based on a short conserved sequence shared by several sesquiterpene synthases, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with RNA isolated from peel tissue of 'Law Rome' apples yielded an approx. 800-bp gene fragment. This was used to screen a cDNA library generated from the peel tissue mRNA. A full-length terpene synthase (TS) cDNA 1,931 nucleotides long was isolated. The 1,728-bp open reading frame encodes a protein 576 amino acids long with a molecular mass of 66 kDa. Sequence analysis of the apple TS showed it to be most similar to several monoterpene synthases. Oddly, the TS includes an RR(X 8 )W motif near the N-terminus that is common among monoterpene synthases but it lacks the plastid transit peptide sequence typically associated with genes of that group. Expression of the apple TS gene in Escherichia coli gave myc-epitope-tagged and untagged proteins estimated at approx. 68 and approx. 66 kDa, respectively. In assays of sesquiterpene synthase activity, with farnesyl diphosphate as substrate, the untagged bacterially expressed TS gene product synthesized (E,E)-a-farnesene almost exclusively. In monoterpene synthase assays, with geranyl diphosphate as substrate, the untagged apple TS produced only (E)-b-ocimene, albeit at much reduced levels. Addition of a C-terminal myc tag appeared to completely prevent production of soluble protein under all of the expression conditions tested. This is the first report of an (E,E)-a-farnesene synthase gene (AFS1; GenBank accession number AY182241) from a flowering plant. RNA gel blots showed that AFS1 transcript increased about 4-fold in peel tissue of apple fruit during the first 4 weeks of storage at 0.5°C. In contrast, when fruit were treated at harvest with 1-methylcyclopropene, a blocker of ethylene action, AFS1 mRNA declined sharply over the initial 4 weeks of cold storage, and fell to nearly undetectable levels by 8 weeks.

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“…Many of these compounds however are present at less than one ppm and in some instances at only parts per thousand million. The major volatiles in banana detectable by gas chromatography number only about 25 (Tressl & Jennings 1972) and in pear aroma, 8 (Romani & Ku 1968). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All are present in the apple volatile complex noted above. Ethanol, ethyl acetate, and ethyl butanoate are present as major components pf the banana volatiles (Tressel & Jennings 1972), and acetaldehyde, methyl acetate, and ethyl acetate are major components of pear volatiles (Romani & Ku 1968).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major contributors to the characteristic pear flavour and odour for example, are methyl and ethyl esters of 2,4 decadienoic acid (Heinz et al 1983), yet these are minor components of the volatiles (Romani & Ku 1968). likewise in ripe Delicious apples, ethyl 2methylbutanoate although present only in small amounts has a disproportionately great effect on the "ripe" aroma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volatiles from ripe fruits of karaka (Corynocarpus laevigatusJ.R. et G. Forst.)

Fountain

Couchman²

1984

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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The volatiles from ripe fruits of karaka, Corynocarpus laevigatus J.R et G. Forst. (Corynocarpaceae) were analysed by combined head-space gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The major volatiles included acetaldehyde; ethanol; and the esters methyl acetate, ethyl acetate methyl 2-methylbutanoate, and ethyl 2-meth-ylb~tanoate. Ethylene was detected in only trace quantities. The ethyl ester of butanoic acid was a major contributor to the distinctive smell of the ripe fruit.

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Direct Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Volatiles Produced By Ripening Pears

Abstract: SUMMARY Direct sampling of volatiles emanating from pears is shown to be a potentially useful and non‐destructive means of assessing fruit ripeness as it is affected by time or treatment such as exposure to ionizing radiation.

Cited by 28 publications

References 7 publications

Pear Fruit Volatiles

Pear Fruit Volatiles

Cloning and functional expression of an ( E , E )-a-farnesene synthase cDNA from peel tissue of apple fruit

Volatiles from ripe fruits of karaka (Corynocarpus laevigatusJ.R. et G. Forst.)

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