Costunolide: A novel anti Costunolide: A novel anti Costunolide: A novel anti---cancer cancer cancer sesquiterpene lactone sesquiterpene lactone sesquiterpene lactone
BJP
IntroductionCancer is the leading cause of death and represents one of the most threatening diseases worldwide. In the recent report, it has been estimated that 12.7 million new cancer cases and 7.6 million cancer deaths occur in 2008, with 56% of new cancer cases and 63% of the cancer deaths occurring in the less developed regions of the world (Ferlay et al., 2010). Throughout the history of civilization, the human have relied on natural products as a primary source of medicine. Herbal medicines have been proven to be an important source of novel agents with a pharmaceutical potential. Many anti-cancer drugs in current use are either natural products or are derived from natural products. Herbal medicines, such as paclitaxel, camptothecin, vinca alkaloids, and etoposide hold great potential as promising agents for the treatment of cancer (Cragg and Newman, 2005). Natural products have tradition-ally provided a rich source of drugs for many diseases, including cancer and plants are an important source of novel natural products (Amin et al., 2009). In 2008, of the 225 drugs being developed, 164 were of natural origin, with 108 being derived from plants, 25 from bacterial sources, 7 from fungal and 24 from animal sources. And, to throw some more numbers around, of the 108 plant-based drugs, 46 were in preclinical development, 14 in phase I, 41 in phase II, 5 in phase III and two had already reached pre-registration stage (Harvey, 2008). David Newman and Gordon Cragg (Newman and Cragg, 2007) found that of 155 FDA-approved small molecule anti-cancer drugs, 47% were either natural products or directly derived there from.C o s t u n o l i d e ( 6 E , 1 0 E , 1 1 a R ) -6 , 1 0 -d i m e t h y l -3 -methylidene-3a, 4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca [b] furan-2-one) is a sesquiterpene lactone. It is a colorless crystalline powder with molecular formula of C15H20O2 and molecular weight of 232.318 g/mol (Figure 1). This review is aimed to summarize the recent researches on costunolide focusing on anti-cancer activity and to lay emphasis on molecular mechanisms which suggests a promising for such pursuits in oncology. Literature was searched through Pub Med, Scopus and Elsevier Science Direct Journal. Access to the Elsevier Science Direct Journal was made possible through library of
AbstractCurrently an ample interest is found among oncologists to explore anti-cancer compounds from herbs. Sesquiterpene lactones have accredited significant attention in pharmacological research. Costunolide is a well-known sesquiterpene lactone present in plants used as popular herbal remedy. Several plantderived compounds are currently successfully employed in cancer treatment. Growing evidences demonstrated that costunolide possesses anti-cancer activities by inhibiting cell proliferation, tumor invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inducing apoptosis of a variety of tumor...