Direct interaction of whole-inactivated influenza A and pneumococcal vaccines enhances influenza-specific immunity

David, Shannon C.; Norton, Todd S.; Tyllis, Timona; Wilson, Jasmine; Singleton, Eve V.; Laan, Zoe; Davies, Justin; Hirst, Timothy R.; Comerford, Iain; McColl, Shaun R.; Paton, James C.; Alsharifi, Mohammed

doi:10.1038/s41564-019-0443-4

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The interaction of viruses with bacteria can also impact bacterial biology. IAV directly binds gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as gram-negative Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae [1,2]. These interactions lead to enhanced bacterial adherence to epithelial cells and increased uptake by macrophages [1,2].…”

Section: Microbial Effects On Coinfection and Tropismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IAV directly binds gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as gram-negative Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae [1,2]. These interactions lead to enhanced bacterial adherence to epithelial cells and increased uptake by macrophages [1,2]. The interaction of IAV with bacteria also enhances the translocation of bacteria into the middle ear and results in higher mortality in mice than either agent alone [2].…”

Section: Microbial Effects On Coinfection and Tropismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the antibody response to rotavirus infection is impaired by the presence of enteric bacteria [46] and the presence of bacteria can influence vaccine efficacy. Coadministration of inactivated IAV and pneumococcal vaccines enhances pneumococcal-and IAV-specific immune responses in the lung [1,47]. The mechanism that underlies the enhanced response to pneumococci and IAV is not completely clear, although it is at least in part due to increased viral uptake by antigen-presenting cells.…”

Section: Modulation Of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses By The MImentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virus interactions with bacteria: Partners in the infectious dance

Neu

Mainou

2020

PLoS Pathog

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The outcome of viral infection depends on the interplay between host factors and the environment. Host factors, like the expression of viral receptors, convey permissiveness to infection, define tropism, regulate antiviral immune responses, determine viral clearance, and spread. The host microbiota, the constellation of microbes inhabiting an organism, also plays a key role in the outcome of infection. Microbes and microbial products can directly interact with viral particles. Our understanding of how the microbiota impacts virus infection is largely limited to the bacterial component of the microbiota. Although bacteria do not support eukaryotic virus infection, they can promote viral fitness by enhancing virion stability, promoting infection of eukaryotic cells, and increasing coinfection rates. Virus binding of bacteria can also impact bacterial biology, including bacterial adherence to eukaryotic cells. These interactions can also indirectly affect the host response to viral infection. In this Pearl, we focus on how direct and indirect interactions between viruses and bacteria impact viral biology and touch on recent findings that illustrate how bacterial biology can also be impacted by interactions with eukaryotic viruses (Fig 1).

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Section: Microbial Effects On Coinfection and Tropismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbial Effects On Coinfection and Tropismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modulation Of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses By The MImentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Virus interactions with bacteria: Partners in the infectious dance

Neu

Mainou

2020

PLoS Pathog

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“…The bacterial–viral complex offers a unique and distinct target for recognition by the host immune system that is distinct from either pathogen alone. A bacterial–viral complex can be internalized into a single epithelial or phagocytic cell, as shown after mixing pneumococcus and influenza virus . This interaction can have multiple consequences.…”

Section: Immune Recognition Of Bacterial–viral Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These co‐infected cells can present antigens from both the bacterial and the viral pathogen, enhancing the inflammatory response to the initial infection and resulting in distinct adaptive and memory responses. Following this logic, recent work has shown that vaccination with bacterial–viral complexes of S. pneumoniae and influenza A virus promote protection superior to that of non‐complexed bacteria and virus, leading to potential strategies for vaccine development against both pathogens simultaneously . The extension of this strategy to additional bacterial or viral species may provide unique avenues for future vaccine development that both broaden and enhance the protective capacity of such vaccines.…”

Section: Immune Recognition Of Bacterial–viral Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Close Encounters of the Viral Kind: Cross‐Kingdom Synergies at the Host–Pathogen Interface

Rowe

Rosch

2019

BioEssays

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The synergies between viral and bacterial infections are well established. Most studies have been focused on the indirect mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, including immune modulation and alterations to the mucosal structures that promote pathogen outgrowth. A growing body of evidence implicates direct binding of virus to bacterial surfaces being an additional mechanism of synergy at the host-pathogen interface. These cross-kingdom interactions enhance bacterial and viral adhesion and can alter tissue tropism. These bacterial-viral complexes play unique roles in pathogenesis and can alter virulence potential. The bacterial-viral complexes may also play important roles in pathogen transmission. Additionally, the complexes are recognized by the host immune system in a distinct manner, thus presenting novel routes for vaccine development. These synergies are active for multiple species in both the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract, indicating that direct interactions between bacteria and virus to modulate host interactions are used by a diverse array of species.

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Enteric viruses exploit the microbiota to promote infection

Robinson

2019

Current Opinion in Virology

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Direct interaction of whole-inactivated influenza A and pneumococcal vaccines enhances influenza-specific immunity

Cited by 24 publications

References 51 publications

Virus interactions with bacteria: Partners in the infectious dance

Virus interactions with bacteria: Partners in the infectious dance

Close Encounters of the Viral Kind: Cross‐Kingdom Synergies at the Host–Pathogen Interface

Enteric viruses exploit the microbiota to promote infection

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