“…A model-independent technique has been discussed by Srivastava and Agarwal (2009) about interpretation of self-potential anomalies, based on the enhanced local wave number. There have also been several publication on other techniques such as a numerical gradient methods (Abdelrahman et al, 1997a), direct interpretation (Skianis et al, 2006). In general, we may categorize these techniques in two parts: derivative-based (Abdelrahman et al, 1997b(Abdelrahman et al, , 1998Abdelrahman and Sharafeldin, 1997;Başokur et al, 2007;El-Araby, 2004) and global search methods such as simulating annealing, genetic algorithms Sen and Stoffa, 1995), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) (Fernandez-Martinez et al, 2010a, 2010bFernandez-Martinez and Pedruelo-Gonzalez, 2009;Shaw and Srivastava, 2007).…”