Direct Lattice Shaking of Bose Condensates: Finite Momentum Superfluids

Anderson, Brandon; Clark, Logan W.; Crawford, Jennifer; Glatz, Andreas; Aranson, Igor S.; Scherpelz, Peter; Feng, Lei; Chin, Cheng; Levin, K.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.118.220401

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…To confirm that the magnitude of the observed effect matches theoretical expectations, we have performed simulations of this experiment using the Gross-Pitaevskii equation [39]. The resulting magenta curves in Fig.…”

Section: Modulated Interactionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Observation of Density-Dependent Gauge Fields in a Bose-Einstein Condensate Based on Micromotion Control in a Shaken Two-Dimensional Lattice

et al. 2018

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We demonstrate a density-dependent gauge field, induced by atomic interactions, for quantum gases. The gauge field results from the synchronous coupling between the interactions and micromotion of the atoms in a modulated two-dimensional optical lattice. As a first step, we show that a coherent shaking of the lattice in two directions can couple the momentum and interactions of atoms and break the fourfold symmetry of the lattice. We then create a full interaction-induced gauge field by modulating the interaction strength in synchrony with the lattice shaking. When a condensate is loaded into this shaken lattice, the gauge field acts to preferentially prepare the system in different quasimomentum ground states depending on the modulation phase. We envision that these interaction-induced fields, created by fine control of micromotion, will provide a stepping stone to model new quantum phenomena within and beyond condensed matter physics.

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Section: Modulated Interactionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Observation of Density-Dependent Gauge Fields in a Bose-Einstein Condensate Based on Micromotion Control in a Shaken Two-Dimensional Lattice

et al. 2018

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“…V 0 is taken to be compatible with experiment, R in is taken to be the condensate radius, and, as in experiment [8], R out ≈ 1.5R in . We use a CUDA-based GP equation solver [22,23], implemented on graphic processing units (GPU). More specifically, we adopt a split-step algorithm with a spectral technique in momentum space to evolve the condensate wavefunction forward in time.…”

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confidence: 99%

Density Waves and Jet Emission Asymmetry in Bose Fireworks

Feng

Anderson

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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A Bose condensate subject to a periodic modulation of the two-body interactions was recently observed to emit matter-wave jets resembling "fireworks" [Nature 551, 356(2017)]. In this paper, combining experiment with numerical simulation, we demonstrate that these "Bose fireworks" represent a late stage in a complex time evolution of the driven condensate. We identify a "density wave" stage which precedes jet emission and results from interference of matterwaves. The density waves self-organize and self-amplify without the breaking of long range translational symmetry. Importantly, this density wave structure deterministically establishes the template for the subsequent patterns of the emitted jets. Our simulations, in good agreement with experiment, also address the apparent asymmetry in the jet pattern and show it is fully consistent with momentum conservation.Time-periodic driving, which allows coherent manipulation of many-body systems, is becoming an exciting tool in the ultracold atomic gases. This provides access to new quantum physics, for example, topological states, synthetic gauge fields and Mott transitions [1][2][3][4][5]. Of particular interest is the rather unique capability these atomic systems afford into understanding non-equilibrium many-body dynamics [6]. Also unique to the ultracold gases is the ability, through the Feshbach resonance, to periodically modulate atomic interactions [7]. Recently, this was implemented by the Chicago group [8,9] and the Rice group [10-12] on Bose-Einstein condensates. In the Chicago experiment, a collective emission of matter-wave jets resembling fireworks occurs above a threshold modulation amplitude.The jets were associated with a form of runaway stimulated inelastic scattering occurring in the driven condensate [8].In this paper we use the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation to study the evolution of the modulated BEC and the emission of these jets [8]. An unbiased or random noise term is introduced initially to model the fluctuations that seed the jet emission. We show that the simulations capture well the "fireworks" dynamics seen in experiments. Moreover, in combination with a new set of experiments, we identify a previously unobserved stage of the evolution that precedes and underlies the jet-emission. Immediately after modulation, we observe that density waves emerge and grow rapidly in the condensate with quantized wavenumbers determined by the modulation frequency [13]. The density waves arise from the interference between excited matterwaves and the condensate. The pattern is reminiscent of Faraday waves in nonlinear fluids [14,15] and related to that predicted for driven atomic gases [16][17][18][19] as well as observed in the one-dimensional condensate [20].The amplification of these density waves can be considered the matterwave analog of superradiant 30 µm 0 5 9 14 18 t = 28 ms Time t Experiment Simulation Density n (µm -2 ) 0 30 15 Density n/ n 0 0 0.6 0.3FIG. 1. The real space density distribution n(r) (denoted as n) as a comparison betw...

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“…Equilibrium phase transition, either at zero or finitetemperature, are known to leave a substantial imprint in the nonequilibrium dynamics of a quantum many-body system [1]. For example, even when a stationary state attained after a quantum quench does not reveal signatures of order as in low-dimensional systems [2][3][4], a linear ramp through a second order quantum critical point leaves universal signatures in the scaling of the number of excitations with the ramp speed [5][6][7][8], as confirmed extensively in a number of experiments [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Analogous signatures are left when a first order quantum phase transition is crossed [16][17][18] through the nucleation of resonant bubbles of the new phase close to the critical point [19][20][21] which leads to a modified Kibble-Zurek-like power-law scaling [22].…”

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confidence: 80%

Changing the order of a dynamical phase transition through fluctuations in a quantum p-spin model

Correale¹,

Silva²

2021

Preprint

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We study the non-equilibrium phase diagram of a fully-connected Ising p-spin model, for generic p > 2, and investigate its robustness with respect to the inclusion of spin-wave fluctuations, described by a ferromagnetic, short-range spin interaction. We investigate the dynamics of the mean-field model after a quantum quench observing a new dynamical quantum phase transition which is either first or second order depending on the even or odd parity of p, in stark contrast with the static first order counterpart for all p. In addition, we find that the corresponding phase diagram is qualitatively modified by the fluctuations introduced by a short-range interaction which drive the system always towards various paramagnetic phases distinguished by the strength of time dependent fluctuations of the magnetization.

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Direct Lattice Shaking of Bose Condensates: Finite Momentum Superfluids

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Observation of Density-Dependent Gauge Fields in a Bose-Einstein Condensate Based on Micromotion Control in a Shaken Two-Dimensional Lattice

Observation of Density-Dependent Gauge Fields in a Bose-Einstein Condensate Based on Micromotion Control in a Shaken Two-Dimensional Lattice

Density Waves and Jet Emission Asymmetry in Bose Fireworks

Changing the order of a dynamical phase transition through fluctuations in a quantum p-spin model

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