Direct measurement of dissolved gases in microbiological systems using membrane inlet mass spectrometry

Lloyd, David; Scott, Robert Ian

doi:10.1016/0167-7012(83)90008-8

Cited by 76 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…According to Lloyd and Scott [25], CH 4 , N 2 , O 2 , Ar, and CO 2 were quantified by the ion current detected at m/z ratios of 15, 28, 32, 40, and 44, respectively. Each 1.3 s a dataset is recorded.…”

Section: Underwater Mass Spectrometer: Inspectr200-200mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of membrane inlet mass spectrometry for online and in situ analysis of methane in aquatic environments

Schlüter

Gentz

2008

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A method is presented for the online measurement of methane in aquatic environments by application of membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS). For this purpose, the underwater mass spectrometer Inspectr200-200 was applied. A simple and reliable volumetric calibration technique, based on the mixing of two end member concentrations, was used for the analysis of CH 4 by MIMS. To minimize interferences caused by the high water vapor content, permeating through the membrane inlet system into the vacuum section of the mass spectrometer, a cool-trap was designed. With the application of the cool-trap, the detection limit was lowered from 100 to 16 nmol/L CH 4 . This allows for measurements of methane concentrations in surface and bottom waters of coastal areas and lakes. Furthermore, in case of membrane rupture, the cool-trap acts as a security system, avoiding total damage of the mass spectrometer by flushing it with water. The Inspectr200-200 was applied for studies of methane and carbon dioxide concentrations in coastal areas of the Baltic Sea and Lake Constance. The low detection limit and fast response time of the MIMS allowed a detailed investigation of methane concentrations in the vicinity of gas seepages. aAm Soc Mass T he analysis of methane as well as other trace gases like carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, or dimethyl sulphide in aquatic environments is a major objective of basic and applied research. This includes investigations of the air-sea exchange of these greenhouse gases as well as of the release of methane from gassy sediments, hydrocarbon reservoirs, and pipelines, or through dissociation of gas hydrates. Although the spatial extent of such discharge sites is often rather small, ranging from a few square meters to several square kilometers, they are considered major drivers for the marine methane cycle in the present and past [1][2][3][4].The localization of such discharge sites as well as the detection and quantification of trace gases in lakes or the ocean relies essentially on water sampling (e.g., by Rosette Water Samplers, Hydro-Bios, Kiel, Germany) and subsequent chemical analysis by gas chromatography (GC) or infrared-spectrometry (IR) onboard the research vessel. Application of GC as well as IR requires the phase transfer of gases from the dissolved to the gaseous phase. For this purpose, head-space techniques, vacuum-degassing, or spray chambers are applied [5].Head-space techniques and vacuum-degassing are very suitable for analysis of discrete water samples but or N 2 0 in surface waters sampled along transects by research vessels. Nevertheless, the time required for equilibration and subsequent GC or IR analysis is about several tens of minutes to hours [7]. Hence, highresolution investigations, in time and space, of trace gases at natural gas seepages like pockmarks (morphological depressions at the seafloor) or hydrocarbon leakages during surveys by research vessels are rather difficult and time consuming.Compared with such rather long measuring times, application of membrane inlet mass...

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Section: Underwater Mass Spectrometer: Inspectr200-200mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of membrane inlet mass spectrometry for online and in situ analysis of methane in aquatic environments

Schlüter

Gentz

2008

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…The inlet orifice was 100 µm diameter, and the membrane used was either silicone rubber (permeable to low-molecularmass volatiles as well as gases) or Mylar (polyethylene terephthalate), a polymer permeable to H # and CO # , but only much less so to other gases and not penetrated by ethanol. Further details of the mass spectrometer are described elsewhere (Lloyd & Scott, 1982 ;Lloyd et al, 1992). The probe was used to measure gases dissolved in a 5 ml working volume held in a perspex vessel with magnetic stirring at 200 r.p.m.…”

Section: Organisms and Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giardia intestinalis, a eukaryote without hydrogenosomes, produces hydrogen

2002

Self Cite

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The microaerophilic flagellated protist Giardia intestinalis, the commonest protozoal agent of intestinal infections worldwide, is of uncertain phylogeny, but is usually regarded as the earliest branching of the eukaryotic clades. Under strictly anaerobic conditions, a mass spectrometric investigation of gas production indicated a low level of generation of dihydrogen (2 nmol min N1 per 10 7 organisms), about 10-fold lower than that in Trichomonas vaginalis under similar conditions. Hydrogen evolution was O 2 sensitive, and inhibited by 100 µM metronidazole. Fluorescent labelling of G. intestinalis cells using monoclonal antibodies to typical hydrogenosomal enzymes from T. vaginalis (malate enzyme, and succinyl-CoA synthetase α and β subunits), and to the large-granule fraction (hydrogenosome-enriched, also from T. vaginalis) gave no discrete localization of epitopes. Cell-free extracts prepared under anaerobic conditions showed the presence of a CO-sensitive hydrogenase activity. This first report of hydrogen production in a eukaryote with no recognizable hydrogenosomes raises further questions about the early branching status of G. intestinalis ; the physiological characterization of its hydrogenase, and its recently elucidated gene sequence, will aid further phylogenetic investigations.

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“…The samples were stored in water at 20°C until analysis. Dissolved methane was measured by membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) (Lloyd and Scott 1983) using an OmniStar TM Gas Analysis System (Pfeiffer Vacuum, Asslar, Germany), equipped with a quadrupole QMS 200 mass spectrometer with a Channeltron detector (Burle Industries). The MS was operated by Quadstar 32-bit software for data acquisition.…”

Section: Variables Measuredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of CO2 and CH4 from lakes and drainage ditches in temperate wetlands

et al. 2010

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Shallow fresh water bodies in peat areas are important contributors to greenhouse gas fluxes to the atmosphere. In this study we determined the magnitude of CH 4 and CO 2 fluxes from 12 water bodies in Dutch wetlands during the summer season and studied the factors that might regulate emissions of CH 4 and CO 2 from these lakes and ditches. The lakes and ditches acted as CO 2 and CH 4 sources of emissions to the atmosphere; the fluxes from the ditches were significantly larger than the fluxes from the lakes. The mean greenhouse gas flux from ditches and lakes amounted to 129.1 ± 8.2 (mean ± SE) and 61.5 ± 7.1 mg m -2 h -1 for CO 2 and 33.7 ± 9.3 and 3.9 ± 1.6 mg m -2 h -1 for CH 4 , respectively. In most water bodies CH 4 was the dominant greenhouse gas in terms of warming potential. Trophic status of the water and the sediment was an important factor regulating emissions. By using multiple linear regression 87% of the variation in CH 4 could be explained by PO 4 3-concentration in the sediment and Fe 2?concentration in the water, and 89% of the CO 2 flux could be explained by depth, EC and pH of the water. Decreasing the nutrient loads and input of organic substrates to ditches and lakes by for example reducing application of fertilizers and manure within the catchments and decreasing upward seepage of nutrient rich water from the surrounding area will likely reduce summer emissions of CO 2 and CH 4 from these water bodies.

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Direct measurement of dissolved gases in microbiological systems using membrane inlet mass spectrometry

Cited by 76 publications

References 37 publications

Application of membrane inlet mass spectrometry for online and in situ analysis of methane in aquatic environments

Application of membrane inlet mass spectrometry for online and in situ analysis of methane in aquatic environments

Giardia intestinalis, a eukaryote without hydrogenosomes, produces hydrogen

Release of CO2 and CH4 from lakes and drainage ditches in temperate wetlands

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