Direct observation of electrothermal instability structures in the skin layer of an intensely Ohmically heated conductor

Awe, T. J.; Yelton, William Graham; Yu, Edmund; Rosenthal, S.E.; McKenzie, Bonnie Beth; Bauer, Bruno; Yates, Kevin; Hutchinson, T. M.; Fuelling, S.; Lowe, Daniel

doi:10.2172/1490531

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…by mitigating ETI); (2) mitigating the MRT instability development on the outside of the liner; and (3) mitigating the MRT feedthrough to the inside of the liner. Addressing the first, experiments on 1 MA pulsed power machines have demonstrated a reduction in ETI-associated emission hotspots on the surface of ultrapure Al rods (99.999% pure) compared to less pure Al 6061 [74], consistent with the notion that ETI originates from localized resistive inclusions in the material. In subsequent experiments with machined pits on the surface of rods, we have observed via self-emission imaging how these perturbations evolve and have benchmarked key features in high resolution 3D MHD simulations [90].…”

Section: Instability Developmentmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Recent work has suggested that the higher-than-expected azimuthal correlation could be related to key missing physics in the seeding of the MRT instability. Presently, it is proposed that the early time electrothermal instability (ETI) [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75] could explain the azimuthal correlation, even with axiallyfinished targets. This instability arises due to localized current enhancement in materials where the resistivity increases with temperature and/or decreases with density.…”

Section: Instability Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview of magneto-inertial fusion on the Z machine at Sandia National Laboratories

et al. 2022

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We present an overview of the magneto-inertial fusion (MIF) concept Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion (MagLIF) pursued at Sandia National Laboratories and review some of the most prominent results since the initial experiments in 2013. In MagLIF, a centimeter-scale beryllium tube or ‘liner’ is filled with a fusion fuel, axially pre-magnetized, laser pre-heated, and finally imploded using up to 20 MA from the Z machine. All of these elements are necessary to generate a thermonuclear plasma: laser preheating raises the initial temperature of the fuel, the electrical current implodes the liner and quasi-adiabatically compresses the fuel via the Lorentz force, and the axial magnetic field limits thermal conduction from the hot plasma to the cold liner walls during the implosion. MagLIF is the first MIF concept to demonstrate fusion relevant temperatures, significant fusion production (>1013 primary DD neutron yield), and magnetic trapping of charged fusion particles. On a 60 MA next-generation pulsed-power machine, two-dimensional simulations suggest that MagLIF has the potential to generate multi-MJ yields with significant self-heating, a long-term goal of the US Stockpile Stewardship Program. At currents exceeding 65 MA, the high gains required for fusion energy could be achievable.

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Section: Instability Developmentmentioning

confidence: 65%