Direct ocean capture: the emergence of electrochemical processes for oceanic carbon removal

Abstract

The urgent need for effective climate change mitigation has spurred exploration of various negative emissions technologies (NETs). Here, we investigate recent advancements and challenges in electrochemical direct ocean capture (eDOC)...

The Need for Dynamic Process Simulation: A Review of Offshore Power‐to‐X Systems

“…The carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) required for the synthesis processes can be provided either by marine tank transport or via a CO 2 pipeline from onshore point sources or generated in-situ. In the context of in-situ technologies, direct air capture (DAC) and direct ocean capture (DOC) are important [32]. In the case of DAC technology, CO 2 is adsorbed directly from the air.…”

“…A limiting factor of this method is the low concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere, which makes it difficult to provide more than 13 tons of CO 2 per hour required for a 100 MW electrolysis plant for methanol synthesis. Since the oceans absorb about 25 % of atmospheric CO 2 , DOC technology offers the possibility of harnessing some of the CO 2 dissolved in seawater [32]. Combining DOC and seawater desalination could provide synergistic benefits, for example, by using a single pumping unit for both processes.…”

A Vanadium Redox Flow Process for Carbon Capture and Energy Storage

“…The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emphasizes the necessity of limiting global warming within the range of 1.5°C to 2.0°C in order to avoid irreversible consequences [2]. The current annual global CO2 emissions exceed 36 gigatons, and if they continue to increase, reaching the climate goals will be impossible [3][4][5][6]. Several technological solutions are being investigated to reduce the global CO2 emissions, such as decarbonization technologies that aim to decrease the emissions by transitioning to renewable energy sources and enhancing energy efficiency [4].…”

“…Although CCS has the potential for global-scale deployment, its actual implementation has been slower than expected [7,8]. However, it continues to be a crucial part of the plan to reduce the impact of climate change and meet emission reduction goals [5]. This highlights the significance of ongoing research, development, and implementation of CCS to tackle global carbon emissions.…”

“…ECCs rely on redox reactions to desorb CO2 through an electro-swing mechanism. Due to this unique desorption mechanism, ECCs offer several advantages, including lower energy requirements, eliminating the need to operate at elevated temperatures, and minimizing the rate of absorbent degradation [4,5,15,18]. Additionally, ECCs offer the inherent advantages of electrochemical systems, such as modularity, scalability, and ease of retrofitting [4].…”