Direct recovery of palm carotene by liquid-liquid extraction

Hoe, Boon Chin; Chan, Eng Seng; Ramanan, Ramakrishnan Nagasundara; Ooi, Chien Wei

doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110755

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…Considering the large-scale production of refined, bleached, deodorized palm oil, during which enormous amounts of β-carotene and α-carotene are wasted, sporadically through the years, proposals to separate these valuable carotenoids from the oil before processing have surfaced. An example is the recent work of Hoe et al [94]. Liquid-liquid extraction was used to directly extract palm carotenes from crude palm oil without disrupting the subsequent production of refined palm oil.…”

Section: Red Palm Oil α-And β-Carotenementioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Update on Carotenoid Colorants from Plants and Microalgae: Challenges and Advances from Research Laboratories to Industry

Rodriguez-Amaya,

Esquivel,

Meléndez-Martínez

2023

Foods

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The substitution of synthetic food dyes with natural colorants continues to be assiduously pursued. The current list of natural carotenoid colorants consists of plant-derived annatto (bixin and norbixin), paprika (capsanthin and capsorubin), saffron (crocin), tomato and gac fruit lycopene, marigold lutein, and red palm oil (α- and β-carotene), along with microalgal Dunaliella β-carotene and Haematococcus astaxanthin and fungal Blakeslea trispora β-carotene and lycopene. Potential microalgal sources are being sought, especially in relation to lutein, for which commercial plant sources are lacking. Research efforts, manifested in numerous reviews and research papers published in the last decade, have been directed to green extraction, microencapsulation/nanoencapsulation, and valorization of processing by-products. Extraction is shifting from conventional extraction with organic solvents to supercritical CO2 extraction and different types of assisted extraction. Initially intended for the stabilization of the highly degradable carotenoids, additional benefits of encapsulation have been demonstrated, especially the improvement of carotenoid solubility and bioavailability. Instead of searching for new higher plant sources, enormous effort has been directed to the utilization of by-products of the fruit and vegetable processing industry, with the application of biorefinery and circular economy concepts. Amidst enormous research activities, however, the gap between research and industrial implementation remains wide.

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Section: Red Palm Oil α-And β-Carotenementioning

confidence: 99%