Direct reuse of oxide scrap from retired lithium-ion batteries: advanced cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Coupling Ferricyanide/Ferrocyanide Redox Mediated Recycling Spent LiFePO4 with Hydrogen Production

“…However, its application is limited due to high energy input requirements and the volatilization pollution of fluoride [22] . Hydrometallurgy, which combines acid leaching and chemical precipitation, can extract Li but necessitates the treatment of acidic wastewater while avoiding equipment corrosion during the extraction process [24] . Mechanochemistry provides an environmentally friendly option for Li extraction by avoiding solvents and operating at ambient temperature and pressure.…”

“…Improper handling of these spent batteries can not only lead to substantial resource waste but also pose a significant environmental impact [23] . In fact, spent LFP batteries are an extremely valuable resource, primarily due to their higher concentration of Li compared to minerals [24] . The recycling of approximately 23 tons of spent LFP batteries can yield one ton of Li, whereas it would require 750 tons or 250 tons of brine or ore, respectively, to obtain the same amount.…”

A systematic review of efficient recycling for the cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries: process intensification technologies beyond traditional methods

“…In addition to regeneration and repair, LIB cathode materials can also undergo changes in lattice structure and chemical composition to enhance their performance through a process known as ectopic recovery. 155,156 This approach improves material performance by intensifying the solid solution solute to increase the value of these materials. 157,158 The recovered products have applications in various fields, includ-ing electrochemical materials (button cell materials, 159 supercapacitor materials, 160 and sodium-ion materials 161 ), adsorbents, 162,163 catalytic materials [164][165][166] ( photocatalysis and electrocatalysis), additives, 167 and more (Fig.…”

Selective Recovery of Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Battery Material with a Near-Room-Temperature Separation

“…11,12 The recovery process of spent LIBs is lengthy and complex, with suboptimal material separation outcomes. 13 An effective material sorting method would facilitate the short-range and efficient recovery of electrical materials, yielding considerable economic benefits. 14,15 In practical applications, mechanical sorting is predominantly utilized as the primary method for material separation in the recycling of a LIB.…”

“…Consequently, if these valued metals could be recycled to produce electrode materials, there is potential to conserve fossil fuel, natural mineral, and nuclear energy resources . The recycling process of spent LIBs encompasses discharge, dissociation, metal recovery, and new material preparation stages. − Fabricating new materials from spent LIB components frequently presents greater challenges, particularly in terms of the bulk phase and crystal interfaces. , The recovery process of spent LIBs is lengthy and complex, with suboptimal material separation outcomes . An effective material sorting method would facilitate the short-range and efficient recovery of electrical materials, yielding considerable economic benefits. , …”