Direct sample preparation mass spectrometry analysis

Mass spectrometry in the age of green analytical chemistry

“…149 Commonly employed solvents are water, methanol, acetonitrile or other slightly acidic organic solvents. 52 PSI has a similar online solid/liquid extraction, in which the analytes are extracted using a solvent Taylor cone produced by a high direct current voltage applied to the back end of the solvent-infiltrated triangular paper (Fig. 5B).…”

“…The addition of SPME is not more environmentally friendly compared to these MS techniques on their own, but these hyphenations increase the performance of the analysis in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, and precision and therefore potentially avoid the employment of further high-consumption approaches, namely LC-MS, allowing SPME-MS to be perceived as a greener method in the community. 52,53 Among the existing SPME-MS modifications, SPME-MOI-MS is considered the most promising one due to its advantages of being convenient, universal, and reliable. SPME-nanoESI-MS is also convenient, as SPME fibers, nanoESI capillary, and interface required for the coupling have all been commercially available.…”

“…In addition, the ionization process of ambient MS is mild and therefore allows for repetitive analysis on the same spot and a potential reduction in the number of samples. Currently, most MS techniques that were well recognized to fulfill the principles of GAC can be categorized into ambient MS. 52…”

“…In addition, the ionization process of ambient MS is mild and therefore allows for repetitive analysis on the same spot and a potential reduction in the number of samples. Currently, most MS techniques that were well recognized to fulfill the principles of GAC can be categorized into ambient MS. 52 Ambient MS is usually capable of analyzing the sample directly. In other words, it can also be put into perspective that the analytes are extracted from the sample by the MS instru-ment during the whole analysis process.…”

“…There are two major approaches for the extraction of the analytes using the MS instrument, liquid extraction and thermal/laser ablation. 52 DESI was the first established ambient MS and has been contributing to a number of distinct disciplines. DESI works by high-velocity ionized solvent droplets desorbing the analytes of interest directly from the sample surface (Fig.…”