475Rutin (3Ј,4Ј,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone-3b-D-rutinoside) is one of the most bioactive flavonoids, also known as vitamin P and was thought to be an activating factor for Vitamin C. 1) Rutin has been shown to act as a scavenger of various oxidizing species, superoxide anion (O 2 Ϫ ), hydroxyl radical and peroxyl radicals.2) As a result of this, its several pharmacological activities have been widely exploited including antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antitumor, antiallergic, antiviral and antiprotozoal properties. 3,4) Hence, the determination of rutin is of considerable interest. Capillary electrophoresis, 5) HPLC,6) flow injection analysis, 7) spectrophotometry 8) and electrochemical techniques have been used to determine rutin.Electrochemical methods for the determination of rutin are more sensitive, less expensive and less time-consuming than the other methods. One of the major problems in the determination of rutin by electrochemical methodology is interference. As flavonoids, rutin can often be found together with ascorbic acid (AA) 9) and may hydrolyze to quercetin in pharmaceutical preparations if not well stored. Rutin has the similar oxidation potential on the bare electrodes with AA or quercetin. Electrodes modified with b-cyclodextrin incorporated carbon nanotube, 10) gilo peroxidase, 11) CeO 2 nanoparticle, 12) ionic liquid 13) have been used for the determination of rutin in the presense of AA or quercetin. However, these modified electrodes are tedious to prepare and costly or lack of stability. It is necessary to detect rutin in convenient, sensitive and high selective methods till date.Conducting polymers have been widely used as electrode modifiers for their good stability, reproducibility, more active sites and homogeneity in the past two decades. Polymers based on aniline and aniline derivatives have been of particular interest due to their many desirable features such as facile preparation, environmental stability, high conductivity, etc. Recently, poly(p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid) modified electrodes have been reported for the electrochemical study of several compounds, including dopamine, 14) uric acid, In this work, a poly( p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid) modified glassy carbon electrode (PABSA/GC) was fabricated by electropolymerization and the electrochemical behavior of rutin was investigated at it. It was found PABSA/GC showed excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of rutin. A method for the determination of rutin with simple, stable, sensitive and selective characteristics was developed. The proposed method was further used for the determination of rutin tablet samples with satisfactory results.
ExperimentalReagents Rutin (C 27 H 30 O 16 · 3H 2 O, Mϭ664.56) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and its stock solution (1.0ϫ10 Ϫ3 M) was prepared with ethanol. p-Aminobenzene sulfonic acid (p-ABSA) was of analytical-reagent grade from Tianjin BASF Chemical Co. The supporting electrolyte was a 0.1 M phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (pH 4.0). O...