“…DBS also attempts to consider the operational constraints at the time of the definition of the final pit, which can be considered an advance in comparison to the traditional algorithms and may provide more practical results. For instance, Benndorf and Dimitrakopoulos (2013) developed a stochastic integer programming formulation accounting for practical mining, deviation from production targets and other aspects, Richmond (2018) proposed an open pit optimization algorithm that accounts for commodity price cycles and uncertainty, and Souza et al (2018b) proposed a formulation for scheduling taking into account stockpiling, cost and blending constraints.…”