Direct Superassemblies of Freestanding Metal–Carbon Frameworks Featuring Reversible Crystalline-Phase Transformation for Electrochemical Sodium Storage

Kong, Biao; Zu, Lianhai; Peng, Chengxin; Zhang, Yan; Zhang, Wei; Tang, Jing; Selomulya, Cordelia; Zhang, Liudi; Chen, Hanxing; Yang, Wang; Liu, Yang; He, Haili; Wei, Jing; Lin, Xiaocheng; Luo, Wei; Yang, Jianping; Zhao, Zaiwang; Liu, Yong; Yang, Jinhu; Zhao, Dongyuan

doi:10.1021/jacs.6b10782

Cited by 127 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The elemental analysis presents a C: H: O ratio of 93.269:2.694:4.037, corresponding to an approximate composition of C 34.6 HO 1.5 . The Raman spectrum (Figure e) shows three peaks around 1260, 1343, and 1574 cm −1 , corresponding to the COC bond, D band, and G band, respectively . FTIR spectrum (Figure f) further confirms the existence of CO bond .…”

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confidence: 62%

Ultrastable Potassium Storage Performance Realized by Highly Effective Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer

Fan

Chen

et al. 2018

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Potassium ion-batteries (PIBs) have attracted tremendous attention recently due to the abundance of potassium resources and the low standard electrode potential of potassium. Particularly, the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) in the anode of PIBs plays a vital role in battery security and battery cycling performance due to the highly reactive potassium. However, the SEI in the anode for PIBs with traditional electrolytes is mainly composed of organic compositions, which are highly reactive with air and water, resulting in inferior cycle performance and safety hazards. Herein, a highly stable and effective inorganic SEI layer in the anode is formed with optimized electrolyte. As expected, the PIBs exhibit an ultralong cycle performance over 14 000 cycles at 2000 mA g and an ultrahigh average coulombic efficiency over 99.9%.

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confidence: 62%

Ultrastable Potassium Storage Performance Realized by Highly Effective Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer

Fan

Chen

et al. 2018

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198

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“…A thin carbon layer was uniform deposited (carbonized) on the MgO nanosheet template upon thermal annealing of the phenyl carbon (PC) in a vacuumed quartz capsule. During the annealing process, the PC undergoes atomic assembly with the aid of benzene rings that comprises 3 or 4 conjugate symmetry of π–π double bonds and the rotatable NC σ bonds . After the MgO template was removed, the 3D N‐CNS were obtained.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries: Boosting the Rate Capability and Cycle Life by Combining Morphology, Defect and Structure Engineering

et al. 2020

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Carbon‐based materials have been considered as the most promising anode materials for both sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), owing to their good chemical stability, high electrical conductivity, and environmental benignity. However, due to the large sizes of sodium and potassium ions, it is a great challenge to realize a carbon anode with high reversible capacity, long cycle life, and high rate capability. Herein, by rational design, N‐doped 3D mesoporous carbon nanosheets (N‐CNS) are successfully synthesized, which can realize unprecedented electrochemical performance for both SIBs and PIBs. The N‐CNS possess an ultrathin nanosheet structure with hierarchical pores, ultrahigh level of pyridinic N/pyrrolic N, and an expanded interlayer distance. The beneficial features that can enhance the Na‐/K‐ion intercalation/deintercalation kinetic process, shorten the diffusion length for both ions and electrons, and accommodate the volume change are demonstrated. Hence, the N‐CNS‐based electrode delivers a high capacity of 239 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 10 000 cycles for SIBs and 321 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 5000 cycles for PIBs. First‐principles calculation shows that the ultrahigh doping level of pyridinic N/pyrrolic N contributes to the enhanced sodium and potassium storage performance by modulating the charge density distribution on the carbon surface.

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“…Composite and alloy/intermetallic design are effective to improve the cycling stability to thousand cycles. [176] However, the loading amount of active materials should be further optimized to maintain high specific capacities along with satisfactory cycling stabilities. Recently, the idea of using metal foil as both of anode material and current collector has been demonstrated to achieve promising battery performances, as this strategy can eliminate the usage of binder and conductive carbon black, simplify the battery processing steps, and also increase the loading amount of active materials, thus enhancing the energy density of battery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Via a space-confined super assembly strategy, Kong et al reported the synthesis of freestanding metal-carbon frameworks including Sb-C, Bi-C, Sn-C, Ge-C, and Sb-Bi-C. [176] The triphenyl antimony precursor used in this study contains nine conjugated double bonds within benzene rings and tress rotatable Sb-C σ bonds, which enabled self-assembly of the molecules into 3D structures with Sb nanoparticles homogeneously distributed inside (Figure 10a). The space confined solid-liquidvapor synthesis procedure and following thermal decomposition of the triphenyl antimony enable the formation of Sb-C frame work with small thickness, excellent flexibility, high adhesibity and good processing feasibility (Figure 10b-i).…”

Section: Antimony Based Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Cost Metallic Anode Materials for High Performance Rechargeable Batteries

Wang

Zhang

Lee

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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density. Therefore, developing highcapacity anode and cathode materials or new battery systems have drawn extensive attentions. [6,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Metal anodes, especially those with high-capacity and low-cost are promising alternative anode materials for LIBs in replace of graphite anode. [29][30][31][32][33][34] Generally, the metal anodes electrochemically alloy/ de-alloy with Li + to complete the battery reaction, which can store more energy than the intercalation/deintercalation mechanism in graphite. Table 1 displays the electrochemical properties of typical metallic anodes (Al, Sn, Zn, Mg, Sb, and Bi) with Li and graphite for comparison. While the graphite anodes suffer from low capacity (372 mA h g −1 ) and Li anodes suffer from severe safety issues caused by lithium dendrites, these metal anodes have many advantages in terms of high theoretical capacities, moderate operation potential for less dendrites formation, high abundance and low cost. [35] For example, aluminum has high theoretical capacity (993 mA h g −1 or 1411 mA h cm −3 for LiAl) with moderate potential plateau (≈0.38 V vs Li + /Li). [35,36] Considering both of the capacity increase and voltage drop by using metal anodes in a LIB model, Obrovac et al. calculated the volumetric energy increase in comparison to graphite based commercial battery (Table 1). [37] In such a model, the volumetric energy densities could be increased by different extents ranging from 10-42% when metal anodes were used. It is worth noticing that some recent studies have raised the idea of directly using metal foil as active anode material and simultaneously current collector. [38,39] This strategy can eliminate the usage of binder and conductive carbon black for anode preparation, simplify the battery processing steps, and also increase the loading amount of active materials, thus further enhancing the energy density and reducing the battery prices.While the metal anodes show good potential for application in high-performance LIBs, the main challenge for these metallic anodes is their large volume change caused by lithiation/delithiation process during cycling. [37,40,41] As the lithiation proceeds more deeply, the volume change becomes more severely for alloying anodes. For instance, the volume change of Sn (260%, Li 4.4 Sn) is larger than Al (97%, LiAl). The huge volume change could cause crack and pulverization of metal anodes, resulting in quick capacity decay and short cycling life. [42][43][44][45][46] Besides, metallic anode materials usually exhibited high first-cycle capacity loss due to their high reactivity withThe ever-growing market of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles has significantly stimulated research interests on new-generation rechargeable battery systems with high energy density, satisfying safety and low cost. With unique potentials to achieve high energy density and low cost, rechargeable batteries based on metal anodes are capable of storing more energy via an alloying/de-alloying process, in comparison to tradi...

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Direct Superassemblies of Freestanding Metal–Carbon Frameworks Featuring Reversible Crystalline-Phase Transformation for Electrochemical Sodium Storage

Cited by 127 publications

References 61 publications

Ultrastable Potassium Storage Performance Realized by Highly Effective Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer

Ultrastable Potassium Storage Performance Realized by Highly Effective Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer

Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries: Boosting the Rate Capability and Cycle Life by Combining Morphology, Defect and Structure Engineering

Low‐Cost Metallic Anode Materials for High Performance Rechargeable Batteries

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