Direct synthesis of nano-sized glass powders with spherical shape by RF (radio frequency) thermal plasma

Purification and Nitrogen Doping of Nanothin Exfoliated Graphite Through RF Thermal Plasma Treatment

“…Although there are numerous studies on the surface modification and doping of CVD-grown graphene, very few groups have reported the production of NTE graphite powder because of the lack of effective processing technologies [17,18]. The RF thermal plasma process has been widely used for the production of nanomaterials owing to its unique thermal characteristics [19,20,21,22]. Thermal plasma offers a high-temperature medium with temperature over 10,000 K, and the temperature gradient is very sharp with a high flow velocity of a few hundred meters/second.…”

Synthesis of nanosized glass powders using non-transferred dc thermal plasma process

“…[6][7][8][9] According to these reports, the vaporisation, nucleation and growth mechanisms of the powders are closely related to the operating parameters, including the atmospheric pressure, the feedrate of the precursor and the plasma power. Direct current (dc) thermal plasmas, which consume approximately 25-30% less electric energy than ICP, can also be considered an effective tool for the synthesis of nanosized powders.…”

“…[7][8][9][10] Thermal plasma provides a high enthalpy and an inert medium for evaporation, as well as a fast quenching rate for the formation of nanosized powders, all of which enable the size reduction of multicomponent glass powders in a very short amount duration. [7][8][9] Some research has also been performed using spray pyrolysis equipped with ultrasonic spray generators for fabricating nanosized glass powders. 10,11 Both techniques mentioned above rely on a high temperature flame where precursors can melt and rapidly evaporate, followed by the nucleation and growth of spherical nanosized particles in a reaction chamber.…”

“…Most previous work using thermal plasma techniques to fabricate nanosized glass powders has focused on inductively coupled plasma (ICP) owing to the relatively massive production capacity and little contamination. [6][7][8][9] According to these reports, the vaporisation, nucleation and growth mechanisms of the powders are closely related to the operating parameters, including the atmospheric pressure, the feedrate of the precursor and the plasma power. Direct current (dc) thermal plasmas, which consume approximately 25-30% less electric energy than ICP, can also be considered an effective tool for the synthesis of nanosized powders.…”

“…Among the emerging techniques, inductively coupled thermal plasma and spray pyrolysis have attracted much attention for synthesising nanosized glass powders 7 – 10. Thermal plasma provides a high enthalpy and an inert medium for evaporation, as well as a fast quenching rate for the formation of nanosized powders, all of which enable the size reduction of multicomponent glass powders in a very short amount duration 7 – 9. Some research has also been performed using spray pyrolysis equipped with ultrasonic spray generators for fabricating nanosized glass powders 10.…”