Direct use of alcohols and sodium borohydride as fuel in an alkaline fuel cell

Verma, Anil; Basu, Suddhasatwa

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.11.071

Cited by 125 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, fuels such as glucose or other carbohydrates can easily be utilised by mixing them directly in the electrolyte without the use of any auxiliary equipment or additional microbial cultures. Many studies have been conducted in which metallic catalysts were used in electrolytes with different pH values [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Production of Glucose by Starch and Cellulose Acid Hydrolysis and its Use as a Fuel in Low-Temperature Direct-Mode Fuel Cells

Spets¹,

Kuosa²,

Granström³

et al. 2010

MSF

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Abstract. The use of glucose, which is produced from the acid hydrolysis of starch and cellulose, is studied as a fuel in a low-temperature direct-mode fuel cell (LTDMFC) with an alkaline electrolyte. Glucose is regarded as being as good a fuel as bioethanol, because both the fuels give 2 electrons per molecule in the fuel cell without carbonisation problems. However, glucose can be produced with fewer processing stages from starch and cellulose than can bioethanol. In the LTDMFC the fuel and the electrolyte are mixed with each other and the fuel cell is equipped only with metal catalysts. Cellulose as a fuel is of great importance because the fuel for the energy production is not taken from food production. A description of an acid hydrolysis method for starch and cellulose is presented. Values for glucose concentrations in each hydrolysate are analysed by means of a chromatographic method. Each glucose hydrolysate was made alkaline by adding of potassium hydroxide before feed in the fuel cell. Polarisation curves were measured, and they were found to produce lower current density values when compared to earlier tests with pure glucose. The Coulombic efficiency of pure glucose electrochemical oxidation in LTDMFC, which was calculated from a ratio of detected current capacity (As) to the maximum current capacity with the release of two electrons per molecule, was also found to be very low. Concerning the hydrolysates, the glucose concentrations were found to have values that were too low when compared to the earlier tests with pure glucose in a concentration of 1 M. The further development demands for the system under consideration are indicated. The concentration of glucose in the hydrolysate is essential to achieve high enough current density values in the LTDMFC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This yield is equal to aqueous bioethanol, when it is used as a fuel without carbonisation problems in the fuel cells [6,7]. In the earlier studies regarding direct bioorganic oxidations, the anodic catalyst materials were different Pt alloys [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Glucose by Starch and Cellulose Acid Hydrolysis and its Use as a Fuel in Low-Temperature Direct-Mode Fuel Cells

Spets¹,

Kuosa²,

Granström³

et al. 2010

MSF

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show abstract

“…During the photodegradation experiments the air electrode was placed strategically at the solution/air interface. At this location an interaction of all three phases [24]-solid (MnO 2 on a Ni mesh), liquid (aqueous solution of 0.1 M KCl), and gas (atmospheric air) occurred. The air electrode assembly enabled a significant increase in the amount of oxygen available during the PEC reduction process.…”

Section: Air Cathode Manufacturementioning

confidence: 98%

A practical photoelectrochemical cell using non precious metal electrodes

2010

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In this study a Photoelectrochemical Cell (PEC) constructed with inexpensive materials photodegraded selected organic compounds present in model waste waters, with the concomitant production of electrical current. Organic substrates dissolved in salt water included formic acid, 2-propanol, 1,2-dihydroxybenzene and ascorbic acid. Significant degradation of ascorbic acid was achieved when the cell was illuminated with a household 60 W tungsten light bulb, although better results were achieved with UV sources. Degradation of all the compounds was found to occur by zero order kinetics, and the PEC was shown not to work appreciably in dark conditions. Using a conventional light bulb, a formic acid PEC produced a power density of 19.1 ± 2 mW m -2 . When exposed to natural daylight, a power density of 31.5 ± 2 mW m -2 was achieved. There is considerable scope for scale up of this device for exterior use.

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“…Verma and Basu (2005c) used methanol and ethanol as fuel for alkaline fuel cell. The effect of alcoholic fuel concentration on CV in 1M KOH solution is shown in the Fig.…”

Section: Fuel Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount of current that passes depends on the concentration of the electrolyte, it show different value in different concentration of electrolyte used. Verma and Basu (2005c) used potassium hydroxide as electrolyte because KOH plays a dual role in fuel electro-oxidation in the form of OH ad species first play the role of an active intermediate in alcohol oxidation and second help in the form of oxide species. This is responsible for the inhibition of the fuel oxidation reaction.…”

Section: Electrolyte Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Vital Source of Energy for 21st Century: Review On Alkaline Fuel Cell

Sahu¹,

Basu²

2014

Energy Research Journal

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A cell which converts the chemical energy into electric energy as eco-friendly way on the principle of electrochemical and Inverted by Sir William Grove in 1839 is known to be "fuel cell". It became a vital source of energy for the 21st Century. Different types of fuel cell are invented based on their working temperature and a type of material has been used in which alkaline fuel cell is one of the best. Fuel cell is an electro-chemical energy converter at the simplest conceptual level it's combined hydrogen with oxygen to produced water and electricity. It does not store the energy itself. It is flow process which draws liquid or gaseous fuel from separated tank and if necessary converse it to hydrogen in reformer. The hydrogen is taken combined with oxygen air in the fuel cell to produced water and electricity. The energy conversion process in the fuel cell is therefore intrinsically clean and silent. Generally other fuel such as natural gas, methanol, ethanol and even coal can also be used. The object of this study is to summarize the characteristic of the alkaline fuel cell.

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Direct use of alcohols and sodium borohydride as fuel in an alkaline fuel cell

Cited by 125 publications

References 11 publications

Production of Glucose by Starch and Cellulose Acid Hydrolysis and its Use as a Fuel in Low-Temperature Direct-Mode Fuel Cells

Production of Glucose by Starch and Cellulose Acid Hydrolysis and its Use as a Fuel in Low-Temperature Direct-Mode Fuel Cells

A practical photoelectrochemical cell using non precious metal electrodes

A Vital Source of Energy for 21st Century: Review On Alkaline Fuel Cell

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