this material but seems to be generally observed in a vast majority of complex oxide compounds. From a technological standpoint, it is imperative to understand and master oxygen diffusion through thermal processing, in order to achieve high-end coated-conductors and reliable bipolar non-volatile resistive switchers. Consequently, an understanding of the chemical diffusion in YBCO may bear profound implications to a large diversity of oxide materials and their derived applications.The variation of oxygen concentration in YBCO mostly occurs in the O(1) sites of the CuO chains along the crystallographic b-axis. In the superconducting orthorhombic phase (δ ≈ 0), if the O(1) atom migrates to a neighboring vacant O(5) site, it will find a channel along the b-axis direction with essentially no diffusion barrier. [2] It is expected that the associated activation energy E a will depend strongly on the amount of oxygen atoms per unit cell, with E a lowering as the number of available sites (i.e., δ) increases. This has been indeed experimentally confirmed in YBCO crystals for which it was reported E a = 1.3 eV for δ = 0 and E a = 0.5 eV for δ = 0.38. [3] In addition, isotopic 18 O tracer diffusion measurements by Rothman et al. [4] indicated a value of E a = 0.97 eV in the ab-plane of bulk YBCO pellets. Similar value was reported for YBCO single crystals with stoichiometry δ = 0.5 by Veal et al. [5] through thermal annealing process. Soon after, Choi et al. [6] calculated the oxygen tracer diffusion coefficients using the cluster variation method in conjunction with the path probability method for a perfect lattice and showed that activation energies are significantly dependent on the oxygen density and the degree of long-range order, with E a = 0.8 eV in the tetragonal phase and E a = 1.2 eV in the orthorhombic phase. The fact that the activation energies for the oxygen diffusion decrease with decreasing oxygen content was also confirmed in laser ablated thin films by Krauns and Krebs. [7] In ref.[8], a migration energy as low as 0.3 eV has been calculated for oxygen ions in the ab-plane using a shell model for the orthorhombic phase. A more in-depth investigation of oxygen tracer diffusion in untwined single-crystalline YBCO showed that the diffusion along the b direction can be at least 100 times faster than diffusion along the a direction. [9] In all cases, diffusion along c-axis was shown to be substantially slower than within the ab-plane.