Direct Visualization of Individual Aromatic Compound Structures in Low Molecular Weight Marine Dissolved Organic Carbon

Fatayer, Shadi; Coppola, Alysha I.; Schulz, Fabian; Walker, Brett D.; Broek, T.; Meyer, Gerhard; Druffel, Ellen R. M.; McCarthy, Matthew D.; Groß, Leo

doi:10.1029/2018gl077457

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…By complementing these with metagenomic, metatranscriptomic and isotopic approaches (e.g. NanoSIMS) [93], or novel singlemolecule [94] and -cell [95] techniques, it will be possible to address the organism-level mechanisms and their environmental regulation. In moving forward, these tools will advance our understanding of cryptic biogeochemical cycles [64], greenhouse gas dynamics [96,97] and help to assess the contribution of anoxic freshwaters to the global carbon cycle, particularly when the current increase in the delivery of terrestrial DOM to northern surface waters persists [2].…”

Section: Integrating Dissolved Organic Matter Dynamics In Anoxic Environments At the Landscape Scale And Under Future Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactivity, fate and functional roles of dissolved organic matter in anoxic inland waters

Lau

Giorgio

2020

Biol. Lett.

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The transit of organic matter (OM) through the aquatic compartment of its global cycle has been intensively studied, traditionally with a focus on the processing and degradation of its dissolved fraction (dissolved organic matter, DOM). Because this is so intimately related to oxidation, the notion tenaciously persists that where oxygen is absent, DOM turnover is markedly slowed. In this Opinion Piece, we outline how diverse processes shape, transform and degrade DOM also in anoxic aquatic environments, and we focus here on inland waters as a particular case study. A suite of biogeochemical DOM functions that have received comparatively little attention may only be expressed in anoxic conditions and may result in enhanced biogeochemical roles of these deoxygenated habitats on a network scale.

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Section: Integrating Dissolved Organic Matter Dynamics In Anoxic Environments At the Landscape Scale And Under Future Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactivity, fate and functional roles of dissolved organic matter in anoxic inland waters

Lau

Giorgio

2020

Biol. Lett.

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“…Uncertainties in regional and global-scale BC budgets persist due to poor constraints on its fluvial dynamics and export. Current estimates suggest that the input by rivers alone to the ocean is sufficient to sustain the turnover of the entire oceanic BC pool in just 500 14 C years given current known losses of BC, yet measured 14 C ages of BC in the deep sea are 40 times greater (>20,000 14 C years) 13–15 . Our understanding of the role of BC in the regional and global-scale carbon cycle remains inadequate, due in large part to poor constraints on the processing, quality, and fate of DBC during river export to the ocean 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marked isotopic variability within and between the Amazon River and marine dissolved black carbon pools

et al. 2019

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Riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contains charcoal byproducts, termed black carbon (BC). To determine the significance of BC as a sink of atmospheric CO 2 and reconcile budgets, the sources and fate of this large, slow-cycling and elusive carbon pool must be constrained. The Amazon River is a significant part of global BC cycling because it exports an order of magnitude more DOC, and thus dissolved BC (DBC), than any other river. We report spatially resolved DBC quantity and radiocarbon (Δ 14 C) measurements, paired with molecular-level characterization of dissolved organic matter from the Amazon River and tributaries during low discharge. The proportion of BC-like polycyclic aromatic structures decreases downstream, but marked spatial variability in abundance and Δ 14 C values of DBC molecular markers imply dynamic sources and cycling in a manner that is incongruent with bulk DOC. We estimate a flux from the Amazon River of 1.9–2.7 Tg DBC yr −1 that is composed of predominately young DBC, suggesting that loss processes of modern DBC are important.

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“…As labile OM is usually readily utilized by microorganisms in the upper water layers, the remaining OM in the deep ocean often includes a variety of structurally complex compounds, such as aromatic compounds [34]. Partial pathways of phthalate degradation (phthalate to protocatechuate), and some enzymes involved in the degradation of benzoate (e.g.…”

Section: Distribution Of the Reconstructed Mags In Hadal Sediments And Other Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Chloroflexi Genomes From The Deepest Ocean Reveal Metabolic Strategies For The Adaptation To Deep-Sea Habitats

Liu

Wang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The deep-sea harbors the majority of the microbial biomass in the Ocean, and it is a key site for organic matter (OM) remineralization and storage in the biosphere. Microbial metabolism in the deep ocean is greatly controlled by the generally depleted but periodically fluctuating supply of OM. Currently, little is known about metabolic potentials of dominant deep-sea microbes to cope with the variable OM inputs, especially for those living in the hadal trenches - the deepest part of the ocean. Results: In this study, we report the first extensive examination of the metabolic potentials of hadal sediment Chloroflexi, a dominant phylum in hadal trenches and the global deep ocean. Sixty-two metagenome-assembled-genomes (MAGs) were reconstructed from nine metagenomic datasets derived from sediments of the Mariana Trench. These MAGs represent six novel species, four novel genera, one novel family and one novel order within the classes Anaerolineae and Dehalococcoidia. Fragment recruitment showed that these MAGs are globally distributed in deep-sea waters and surface sediments, and transcriptomic analysis indicated their in-situ activities. Metabolic reconstruction showed that hadal Chloroflexi mainly had a heterotrophic lifestyle, with the potential to degrade a wide range of organic carbon, sulfur, and halogenated compounds. Our results revealed for the first time that hadal Chloroflexi harbor pathways for the complete hydrolytic or oxidative degradation of various recalcitrant OM, including aromatic compounds (e.g. benzoate), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (e.g. fluorene), polychlorobiphenyl (e.g. 4-chlorobiphenyl) and organochlorine compounds (e.g. chloroalkanes, chlorocyclohexane). Moreover, these organisms showed the potential to synthesize energy storage compounds (e.g. trehalose), and had regulatory modules to respond to changes in nutrient conditions. These metabolic traits lead us to postulate that the Chloroflexi may follow a “feast and famine” metabolic strategy, allowing them to efficiently consume labile OM and store the energy under OM rich conditions, and to survive under OM limitations by utilizing stored energy and degrading recalcitrant OM. Conclusion: This study expands the current knowledge on metabolic strategies in deep-ocean Chlorolfexi, and highlights their significance in deep-sea carbon, sulfur and halogen cycles. The metabolic plasticity likely provides Chloroflexi with advantages for the survival under variable and heterogenic OM inputs in the deep ocean.

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Direct Visualization of Individual Aromatic Compound Structures in Low Molecular Weight Marine Dissolved Organic Carbon

Cited by 32 publications

References 58 publications

Reactivity, fate and functional roles of dissolved organic matter in anoxic inland waters

Reactivity, fate and functional roles of dissolved organic matter in anoxic inland waters

Marked isotopic variability within and between the Amazon River and marine dissolved black carbon pools

Novel Chloroflexi Genomes From The Deepest Ocean Reveal Metabolic Strategies For The Adaptation To Deep-Sea Habitats

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