Direct-Write Patterning of Bacterial Cells by Dip-Pen Nanolithography

Kim, Jieun; Shin, Younghun; Yun, Seong-Hun; Choi, Dong-Sik; Nam, Jihye; Kim, Sung Ryong; Moon, Sung‐Kwon; Chung, Bong Hyun; Lee, Jae-hyuck; Kim, Jae-Ho; Kim, Ki‐Young; Kim, Kyung Min; Lim, Jung‐Hyurk

doi:10.1021/ja3073808

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Given that viscosity is a generic material property, this study should also offer insight into patterning other advanced materials for the assembly of a wide variety of nanostructures. 12, 41–45 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Such capabilities have enabled important new applications in chemistry, materials science, and biology. 13–21 Recent additions to the arsenal of DPN inks are block copolymers loaded with metal salts, which, when patterned, can be subsequently reduced to generate individual crystalline nanoparticles through a technique termed scanning probe block copolymer lithography (SPBCL).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of viscosity on polymer ink transport in dip-pen nanolithography

et al. 2013

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Understanding how ink transfers to a surface in dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) is crucial for designing new ink materials and developing the processes to pattern them. Herein, we investigate the transport of block copolymer inks with varying viscosities, from an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip to a substrate. The size of the patterned block copolymer features was determined to increase with dwell time and decrease with ink viscosity. A mass transfer model is proposed to describe this behaviour, which is fundamentally different from small molecule transport mechanisms due to entanglement of the polymeric chains. The fundamental understanding developed here provides mechanistic insight into the transport of large polymer molecules, and highlights the importance of ink viscosity in controlling the DPN process. Given the ubiquity of polymeric materials in semiconducting nanofabrication, organic electronics, and bioengineering applications, this study could provide an avenue for DPN to expand its role in these fields.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of viscosity on polymer ink transport in dip-pen nanolithography

et al. 2013

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“…92 DPN has also been used to pattern virus particles, 130 and even a bacterial 'ink' has been developed. 131 The dozens of methods to DPN print biomolecules, by both direct and indirect methods, were reviewed in 2011.…”

Section: Nano-biology Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-bioelectronics via dip-pen nanolithography

et al. 2015

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The emerging field of nano-biology is borne from advances in our ability to control the structure of materials on finer and finer length-scales, coupled with an increased appreciation of the sensitivity of living cells to nanoscale topographical, chemical and mechanical cues. As we envisage and prototype nanostructured bioelectronic devices there is a crucial need to understand how cells feel and respond to nanoscale materials, particularly as material properties (surface energy, conductivity etc.) can be very different at the nanoscale than at the bulk. However, the patterning of organic bioelectronic materials is often not achievable using conventional fabrication techniques, especially on soft, biocompatible substrates. Nonconventional nanofabrication strategies are required. Dip-pen nanolithography is a nanofabrication technique which uses the nanoscale tip of an atomic force microscope to direct-write functional inks. Over the past decade, the technique has evolved as uniquely capable in the realm of bio-nanofabrication, with the capability to deposit both biomolecules and electrode materials. This review highlights this new tool for fabricating nanoscale bioelectronic devices, and for enabling heretofore unrealised experiments in the response of living cells to tailored nano-environments. We firstly introduce bioelectronics, followed by a survey of different lithography methods and their use to achieve paradigmic bioelectronic architectures. We then focus on dip-pen nanolithography, highlighting the range of bioelectronic materials and biomolecules which can be deposited using the technique, as well as its demonstrated use as a lithography tool in nano-biology. We discuss the progress made towards upscaling the DPN technology towards larger areas, in particular via the polymer pen approach. The emerging field of nano-biology is borne from advances in our ability to control the structure of materials on finer and finer length-scales, coupled with an increased appreciation of the sensitivity of living cells to nanoscale topographical, chemical and mechanical cues. As we envisage and prototype nanostructured bioelectronic devices there is a crucial need to understand how cells feel and respond to nanoscale materials, particularly as material properties (surface energy, conductivity etc.) can be very different at the nanoscale than at the bulk. However, the patterning of organic bioelectronic materials is often not achievable using conventional fabrication techniques, especially on soft, biocompatible substrates. Nonconventional nanofabrication strategies are required. Dip-pen nanolithography is a nanofabrication technique which uses the nanoscale tip of an atomic force microscope to direct-write functional inks. Over the past decade, the technique has evolved as uniquely capable in the realm of bio-nanofabrication, with the capability to deposit both biomolecules and electrode materials. This review highlights this new tool for fabricating nanoscale bioelectronic devices, and for enabling heretofore u...

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“…Gaining the ability to place bacterial cells at defined positions on a substrate remains one of the main challenges in the development of such microsystems [12][13][14]. Several methods were investigated to achieve this goal [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%