Direction of the cosmic ray anisotropy

Abstract

Inclined meson telescopes at Uppsala, Kiruna, and Murchison Bay have been employed to determine the direction of the C.R. diurnal anisotropy. The six mean asymptotic directions are distributed between approximately 15° N and 80° N. It is being shown that the flow of excess particles responsible for the anisotropy is parallel to the orbital plane of the earth. All atmospheric effects have been considered as well as the partial smoothing out of the diurnal variation through the longitudinal distribution of the asymptotic directions. Inside the limits of error the yearly mean amplitudes fit a linear function of the cosine of the angle between the equatorial plane and the mean asymptotic direction. The direction of the anisotropy makes an angle of approximately 90° with the earth‐sun line, the flow of excess particles overtaking the earth.

Study of the distribution of the π‐electrons in push‐pull alkenes by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy

“…As is known from Ref. 6, the s-cis,s-trans-configuration I11 in 9-12 is more stable than the s-cis,s-cis and s-tramp-trans configurations, respectively. In accord with this, heteronuclear NOE effects between the acetyl protons in 9 and 10 or the NH protons in 11 and 12 and C-5, on the other hand, were obtained.…”

Muon Spectra, Expected Characteristics of Inclined Muon Monitors by Means of Generating Functions and an Analysis of the Diurnal Variation at Kiruna

“…The average for 1958-66 is 1&2 = 95 * 9", excluding the year 1967 for which the data are not fully reliable. Sandstrom et al [6] find in an early analysis of the direction of the anistropy an average & = 76" for the years 1958-60. In our analysis the trend is quite similar but the average FF = 93".…”

“…There is probably a phase lag -3 h as compared with ground level temperature. From the preliminary temperature coefficient (-0.36%" C on effective temperature) and radio sonde data the temperature vector has an amplitude 0.10% rather than 0.06% used by Sandstrom et al [6].…”

“…We have here used the approximation P = 1.1 5 p in order to take into account the primary composition, a(P, So) decreases rapidly at low rigidities and errors in the approximation lead to rather large errors in a(P, 0,). The fundamental specific yield function SI(P) of KN or KS [6], Fig. 8, denotes that of the first generation, from which (eq.…”

“…The unshielded instruments consisted of horizontal trays with a geometric axis 35" to the zenith direction, -* Present address: Box 516, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden. see Sandstrom et al [6] for details. The time of maximum of KN shows a peculiar and persistent phase shift of * 7 h in the monthly data during 1959 and = 5 h in the yearly data between 1359 and 1960.…”