Directional and on-demand ion transport regulated by pH and voltage in submicrochannel heteromembrane based on conducting polymer

A near-infrared light responsive temperature-sensing switch in a submicro-channel heterogeneous membrane

“…According to the reported functional method of AAO/PPhCz, Au nanoparticles could be prepared and assembled in the inner wall of AAO channels through the reduction of polydopamine. 20,21 Therefore, a similar modified strategy was used in this paper. First, 9-(4′-vinyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-(4-vinylphenyl)-9 H -carbazole (VBPhCz) in tetrahydrofuran as a precursor solution was drop-coated onto AAO channels with ∼269 nm pore diameter and thermally cross-linked to obtain the AAO/PPhCz.…”

“…Based on the good adhesion and reducibility of PDA, the AAO-3(PDA-Au)/PPhCz submicro-channel heterogeneous membrane was further obtained by assembling three PDA-Au layers at the other base side of submicron pore size (AAO side). 20,21 The multilayer assembly of PDA and Au nanoparticles with a good photothermal effect in submicron channels provided a good basis for the construction of nanochannels with a NIR response.…”

Nanoporous anodic alumina-based iontronics: fundamentals and applications

“…158 Other nanofluidic diodes with pH-, light-and electric field-modulated rectified ionic transport have been reported, 159,160 for example: a heterogenous membrane formed by a through-hole NAA membrane and graphene oxide (GO), 161 a through-hole NAA membrane thermally crosslinked with poly(4,4 0 -bis(4-vinylphenyl)triphenylamine) (PTPA), 162 a through-hole NAA membrane with hourglassshaped nanochannels modified with photo-responsive tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin, 163 a hybrid membrane made of a through- hole NAA membrane assembled with a MOF-modified GO film, 164 and NAA through-hole membrane polymerized with a hydrophobic carbazole-based conducting polymer. 165 Wu et al engineered a blind-hole NAA membrane that has shown ICR ratio ranging from 1.5 to 7.5 in different electrolytes such as KCl, sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) (Fig. 10b).…”

A Novel Ionic Conductive Polyurethane Based on Deep Eutectic Solvent Continuing Traditional Merits

“…27,28 The directed electron transport under an electric field is the conductive mechanism of the above materials, which is not satisfied in the ionic transport inside natural creatures. 29,30 preparation of an ionic conductive polyurethane, packing the ionic conductors that include ionic liquids or solids inside patterned elastomer channels is the usual treatment, but the complicated process and unstable performance limit its application for scalability and long-term use. 31−33 Moreover, because of the huge polar difference between elastomers and ionic conductors, it seems a little difficult to construct homogeneous ionic conductive elastomers, which may cause the phase separation causing the poor optical, mechanical, and electronic properties of the composite.…”

“…However, the darker conductive materials, for example, CNTs, , r-GO, AgNWs, and PPy, limit its application in electronic and optical equipment. Worse still, the poor compatibility between such conductive matter and the polyurethane network is also a big problem, and it will lead to poor mechanical and electrical properties for the conductive compound. , The directed electron transport under an electric field is the conductive mechanism of the above materials, which is not satisfied in the ionic transport inside natural creatures. , To realize the preparation of an ionic conductive polyurethane, packing the ionic conductors that include ionic liquids or solids inside patterned elastomer channels is the usual treatment, but the complicated process and unstable performance limit its application for scalability and long-term use. − Moreover, because of the huge polar difference between elastomers and ionic conductors, it seems a little difficult to construct homogeneous ionic conductive elastomers, which may cause the phase separation causing the poor optical, mechanical, and electronic properties of the composite. Very recently, some researchers have directly designed ions as one part of the polymer chains and realized the real liquid-free or dry ionic conductive elastomers. − The formed elastomers own excellent stability, conductivity, transparence, and mechanical performance.…”