Directional high-efficiency nanowire LEDs with reduced angular color shift for AR and VR displays

Qian, Yizhou; Yang, Zhiyong; Huang, Yu-Hsin; Lin, Kuan‐Heng; Wu, Shin‐Tson

doi:10.29026/oes.2022.220021

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Recent research shows that, by a proper waveguide design, a full-color dot-in-a-wire nanowire LED can achieve a higher external quantum efficiency (EQE) than μLED when its mesa size is less than 10 μm (Fig. 4(a)) [27]. In addition, the reduced angular color shift meets the AR display requirements.…”

Section: High-resolution Micro-ledmentioning

confidence: 99%

60‐1: Invited Paper: Emerging microdisplay technologies for AR/VR applications

Yang,

Qian,

2023

Symp Digest of Tech Papers

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LCD and OLED are presently the two dominating microdisplays for VR headsets. How to achieve high resolution density for wide field of view and eliminating the screen‐door effect, while keeping low power consumption remains a major challenge. For ultracompact and lightweight AR displays, micro‐LED, OLED‐on‐silicon, MEMS, laser beam scan, and front‐lit LCoS are strong contenders. To reduce the required display brightness for low power consumption, and to enable occlusion effect, a segmented smart dimmer is a viable approach. The pros and cons of each approach will be analyzed.

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Section: High-resolution Micro-ledmentioning

confidence: 99%

60‐1: Invited Paper: Emerging microdisplay technologies for AR/VR applications

Yang,

Qian,

2023

Symp Digest of Tech Papers

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“…Nanowire LEDs have an excellent potential in increasing the resolution density due to their sub-micron diameters. Remarkably, the emission wavelength can be modulated by the injection current, composition, or diameter [57,[122][123][124], but their demanding growth conditions remain a challenge to overcome. Recently, Plessey has demonstrated an efficient growth of InGaN-based red µLEDs, Porotech and Innovation Semiconductor have developed an innovative process for achieving DPT µLEDs, and NS Nanotech has achieved sub-micron red nanowire LEDs with 8.3% EQE [61].…”

Section: Higher Resolution Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The micro-LED roadmap: status quo and prospects

Lin,

Wu,

Kuo

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Photonics

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Micro LED can play an important role in the future generation of smart displays. They are found very attractive in many applications, such as maskless lithography, biosensor, AR/MR etc., at the same time. A monitor that can fulfill saturated color rendering, high display resolution, and fast response time is highly desirable, and the micro LED-based technology could be our best chance to meet these requirements. At present, semiconductor-based RGB micro LED chips and color-conversion enhanced Micro LEDs are the major contenders for the full-color high resolution displays. Both of the methods need revolutionary ways to perfect the material qualities, fabricate the device, assemble the individual parts into a system. In this roadmap, we will highlight the current status and challenges of the micro LED-related issues, and discuss the possible advances in science and technology that can stand up to the challenges. The innovation in epitaxy, such as the tunnel junction, the direct epitaxy and nitride based quantum wells for red and ultraviolet, can provide critical solutions of the micro LED performance in various aspects. The quantum scale structure like nanowire or nanorod can be crucial for the scaling of the devices. Meanwhile, the color conversion method, which uses colloidal quantum dots as the active material, can provide a hassle-free way to assemble a large micro LED array, and emphasis on the full color demonstration via colloidal quantum dots. These quantum dots can be patterned by porous structure, inkjet or photo-sensitive resin. In addition to the micro LED devices, the peripheral components or technologies are equally important. Microchip transfer and repair, heterogeneous integration with the electronics and the novel 2D material cannot be ignored or the overall display module will be very power-consuming. The augmented reality is one of the potential customer for our micro-LED displays and the user experience so far is limited due to lack of the truly qualified display. Our analysis showed the micro LED is on the way to address and solve the current problems, such as high loss optical coupling and narrow field of view. All these efforts are channeled to achieve an efficient display with all ideal qualities that meet our most stringent viewing requirements and expect it to become an indispensable part of our daily life.

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“…However, the final emission result should only be a function of (θ, φ). Here, we first eliminate wavelength and 2) averaging each dipole polarization: 20,21 A1 θ,φ, x, z, a ð Þ¼…”

Section: Angular Distribution and Lee Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the final emission result should only be a function of (θ, φ). Here, we first eliminate wavelength and polarization dependence by (1) multiplying the weightage of each wavelength and (2) averaging each dipole polarization: 20,21

A 1 ((), θ, φ, x, z, a) goodbreak= \frac{\sum_{p = I, O} \int A ((), θ, φ, x, z, λ, p, a) S ((), λ) italicdλ}{2 \int S ((), λ) italicdλ},

where S(λ) is the emission spectrum without color filter as shown in Figure 3A. The position‐averaged angular distribution for long axis (A 2L ) and short axis (A 2S ) can be calculated as

A_{2 L} ((),, θ, φ) goodbreak= \frac{\sum_{z = 1}^{6} \int_{0}^{R_{L}} A_{1 L} ((), θ, φ, x, z) 2 italicπxdx}{6 π R_{L}^{2}},

A_{2 S} ((),, θ, φ) goodbreak= \frac{\sum_{z = 1}^{6} \int_{0}^{R_{S}} A_{1 S} ((), θ, φ, x, z) 2 italicπxdx}{6 π R_{L}^{2}},

where R L and R S are radius of the circumscribed circle and inscribed circle, respectively.…”

Section: Full‐color Ingan/gan Nanowirementioning

confidence: 99%

High‐efficiency nanowire light‐emitting diodes for augmented reality and virtual reality displays

et al. 2023

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Through 3D dipole cloud model, RGB (red, green, and blue) nanowire light‐emitting diode (LED) structures are geometrically optimized to exhibit a narrower radiation pattern, weaker angular color shift, and higher optical efficiency. In comparison with micro‐LEDs whose external quantum efficiency is dependent on the mesa size, these RGB nanowire LEDs are more efficient than micro‐LEDs when the chip size is below 20, 80, and 10 μm, respectively. As a result, nanowire LED is a promising candidate for augmented reality and virtual reality displays where high‐resolution density and efficient directional light emission are desired.

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Directional high-efficiency nanowire LEDs with reduced angular color shift for AR and VR displays

Cited by 23 publications

References 47 publications

60‐1: Invited Paper: Emerging microdisplay technologies for AR/VR applications

60‐1: Invited Paper: Emerging microdisplay technologies for AR/VR applications

The micro-LED roadmap: status quo and prospects

High‐efficiency nanowire light‐emitting diodes for augmented reality and virtual reality displays

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