Directions of Career Transport Development

Abstract

Since the beginning of the civilization emergence, people began to use the minerals extraction on the surface of the Earth and the rock mass transportation. One of the main tasks of the mining industry is the transportation of an increasing rock mass amount from the quarry, which has caused the need to increase the power and carrying capacity of mining dump trucks. Today, we can assume that the revolutionary period of increasing the carrying capacity in the creation of heavy-duty dump trucks is over. Further improvement of the designs of frame dump trucks is impractical. To create super-powerful dump trucks capable of efficiently transporting rock mass from deep horizons, fundamentally different designs of machines and power plants are needed. The most important requirement for promising machines is to minimize the negative impact on the environment. In its development, mining vehicles have come a long way: a hand wheelbarrow - a horse cart - a truck - a diesel mining dump truck - a diesel-electric mining dump truck - an electric mining dump truck - an unmanned electric mining dump truck. According to the law of the transition from quantity to quality, it can be assumed that the period of increasing the carrying capacity of mining dump trucks has ended (quantitative changes), and a new period of qualitative changes begins (the development of new types of mining transport, an increase in the specific capacity of a power plant, the use of other energy carriers, etc.). An important area is the use of artificial intelligence: robotic dump trucks, self-diagnostic systems, etc. The main requirement for promising machines is to reduce the cost of transporting rock mass and a minimum negative impact on the environment.

The Smallest “Miner” of the Animal Kingdom and Its Importance for Raw Materials Exploitation

“…In surface mining, the conditions are different and allow the use of larger vehicles. Various technologies that can help with that have already been developed, as presented in the last section of the current work [109,114]. Ants have been a source of inspiration in many aspects of human activities, from architectural design [4] to the development of optimization algorithms, and many works exist in these areas [88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97].…”

“…An example is the downsized 15-ton autonomous truck designed by VOLVO's engineers in 2015, which has gained a lot of attention in the mining industry [107]. The absence of a cab and a driver reduces the truck's size and operating cost; this technology has already been developed and applied in various mines, such as Abakansky in Russia, Rio Tinto, and Western Australia [109]. Using electric vehicles with current standards is difficult, batteries have a short life, and the need for an efficient energy storage system significantly increases the operating costs.…”

Selection of Open-Pit Mining and Technical System’s Sustainable Development Strategies Based on MCDM

“…The energy consumption of this process exceeds the next largest energy consumption blasting process by more than four times [46]. Different authors offer various ways to improve the energy efficiency of mining such as rational planning of dump trucks [47], changing the type of energy consumed by dump trucks [48], changing the mode of transport [49], and using robotic transport systems [50].…”

“…Technical and economic factors [52] Production capacity [26] Technical equipment of the enterprise [45] Mode of transport [49] Robotic transport [50] Technological Development depth [33] Operational management [37] Planning and design, mining and mineral processing [39] Advanced technologies [40] Energy efficiency [44,46] Ore loss and dilution [44] Production capacity, technical and technological capabilities of the enterprise [45] Rational planning of dump trucks [47] Changing the type of energy consumed by dump trucks [48] Economic Economic efficiency [11] Economic [37] Marketing [43] Capital and operating expenses, discount rate, investments, depreciation [38] Economic attractiveness [40] Payback period, availability of raw materials, forecast of raw material dependence [45] Social Work safety [11,26] Social issues and human factors [37] The reputation of the mining industry from a stakeholder perspective [38] Psychological factors [44] Social aspects, risks [45] Government factors [43] Environmental Impact on the environment [11] Environmental influence [37] Mining clean production system [39] Hydrology and groundwater conditions [33] We used the groups of factors identified by us to systematize the parameters and indicators of sustainable development of the MTS. The systematization results are presented in Section 3.2.…”

Determination of Parameters of the of Loam and Clay Model for Simulation of Loading and Unloading of the Cargo Platform of a Quarry Dump Truck

“…Экономические обстоятельства и развитие технологий способствуют совершенствованию процессов добычи полезных ископаемых [1,2]. Исследования экскаваторно-автомобильного комплекса методом имитационного моделирования позволяют подбирать наилучшие решения выбора и создания новых горных машин [3].…”