Directivity of basic linear arrays

Study of Broadside Linear Array Antenna with Different Spacing and Number of Elements

“…The directivity in case of broadside array [5,6,7] is defined as where, U0 is average radiation intensity which is given by, (4) From the expression of ratio of magnitudes we can write, or For the normalized condition let us assume E0 = 1, then…”

“…An array is said to be Broadside array if the main beam is perpendicular to the axis of the array. This array is completely specified by the spacing and the phase progression constants [1]. Antenna exhibits a specific radiation pattern.…”

Waveform Optimization for Transmit Beamforming With MIMO Radar Antenna Arrays

“…2. For the MIMO radar antenna array, the transmit steering vector for the broadside angle is given by (3) For monostatic MIMO radar operation, the receive steering vector is the same as the transmit one, i.e.,…”

Superdirective Arrays

“…Such a solution could be formally realized for a given number of elements and spacing, but the equations would require a numerical solution. A slightly simpler problem was worked by Bach (1970); he started with a uniform-amplitude array that was phased to produce a main beam at u 0 . The interelement phase factor is d ¼ kd sin u 0 , and the directivity (see Chapter 2) is…”