“…Different authors have described advantages and disadvantages of specific methods of protection of the central nervous system, levels of hypothermia and perfusion methods during CPB including total circulatory arrest (TCA) combined to deep hypothermia, hypothermic TCA with retrograde cerebral perfusion and, finally, hypothermic TCA with anterograde cerebral perfusion by the brachiocephalic branch/carotid artery, or even, by the subclavian axillary axis [13].…”