Disability and Health in African Americans: Population Research and Implications for Occupational Therapy Community-Based Practice

Application of the Person–Environment–Occupation–Performance Model: A Scoping Review

“…The third and fourth version of the Model offers an important tool for scholars who want to bring occupational therapy perspectives to organizations and populations. Although the majority of the articles focused on the client as an individual, there were some studies that investigated the client as an organization ( Killian et al, 2015 ; Sevilla & Sanford, 2013 ) or population (e.g., Schulz et al, 2022 ; Smallfield et al, 2022 ). These studies support an expanded definition of client-centered practice with 28% of the studies identifying client as beyond the individual.…”

“…For example, articles highlighted international perspectives from Iran (Akbarfahimi et al, 2020), Sweden (Andersson & Mårtensson, 2021;Johansson et al, 2021), Thailand (Chaimaha & Chinchai, 2016;Chaimaha et al, 2017;Chupradit et al, 2021), Australia/New Zealand (Maher et al, 2018;Wilson et al, 2013), Philippines (Caday et al, 2022), China (Wan et al, 2022, and the United Kingdom (Cordingley & Ryan, 2009;Maher et al, 2018). Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) perspectives were obtained in studies of underrepresented college students (Clifton & Taff, 2021;Shraga-Roitman et al, 2022), aging Puerto Ricans (Orellano-Colón et al, 2014, African American fathers (Pizur-Barnekow et al, Digital books (Bibb et al, 2012) Assistive devices for positioning and sleep (Ho & Siu, 2018) Design of equipment and devices (Naweed et al, 2020(Naweed et al, , 2022 Remote monitoring systems (Rich et al, 2020) Accessibility of online reservation system (Stasell & Bathje, 2021) Media distractions in the sleep environment (Yang & Smallfield, 2020) 2017), and African Americans with disabilities (Schulz et al, 2022). Narratives of other voices that have not been emphasized in the literature were examined, including children (Lindenschot et al, 2020;Milton et al, 2019), foster care youth (Armstrong-Heimsoth et al, 2020), farmers (Hissong, 2008), military personnel (Judkins et al, 2022), college students (Kreider et al, 2021;Smallfield et al, 2022), urbandwelling low-income populations , and intergenerational mentors (Wilson et al, 2013).…”

Implementation of the CAPABLE Program With Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…The ability to age successfully and safely within the community is correlated in part with one’s SES, for example, their level of income and education ( McMaughan et al, 2020 ). The majority of the participants within this program were disproportionately affected by their SES status and SDOH (e.g., limited health care access, chronic health conditions, and inadequate housing support; Administration for Community Living, 2021 ; Schulz et al, 2022 ). The SES status and SDOH were vital components to address during the implementation of this CAPABLE program; through the accomplishment of participants’ self-directed goals, structured CAPABLE team support, the provision of community resources to aid with living expenses, and effective home modifications.…”