Disadvantaged youth and smoking in mature tobacco control contexts: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research

Hefler, Marita; Chapman, Simon

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051756

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Most importantly, mother education was the only statistically significant independent factor influencing the total wellness score. Similar associations between parents' characteristics and adolescents health behaviors were previously reported (Hefler and Chapman, 2014;Lefkowitz et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Health Protecting and Health Promoting Behaviors Among Preparatory School Students in Zagazig City

Allah¹

2015

AJNS

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Abstract:Background. Adolescents' lifestyle change can be facilitated through a combination of learning experiences that enhance awareness, increase motivation, and build skills. The aim of this study was to describe the health protecting and health promoting behaviors among preparatory school students in Zagazig city. This study was aimed to identify the most common health-related modified and non-modified behaviors and how they effect on wellness of the preparatory school students. Research design: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to carry out the study. Setting: in a preparatory school in Kafr Mohamed Gawish at Zagazig city on 150 male and female students aged 12 to 15 recruited through stratified cluster random sampling. Tools: The data were collected using an interview questionnaire. →(Please, give some info regarding questionnaire; it is self-structured? Validated? Self-administrative? How is it scoring? Additionally, how the behavior was assessed? (Cut-off 60%). Tools: Two tools, the first tool (the data collection tool consisted of an interview questionnaire consisted two parts, socio-demographic characteristics, and medical history) and the second tool (a health promoting lifestyle questionnaire, in addition to a section asking students about the topics they suggest for personal growth. Results: The study results showed that approximately two thirds of adolescent preparatory school students from middle class families in rural areas had adequate total wellness behavior. The wellness behaviors' areas of most deficiency were those of exercise and mental activity, whereas the best areas were those of medication use, environmental, social, and spiritual aspects. Students' total wellness was significantly influenced by higher mother education, and lower crowding index, as well as the history of chronic diseases and previous surgery. Some of the wellness behavior aspects were also affected by students' age, gender, and father education. Conclusion and summary: Multivariate analysis identified → (Not in conclusion section) mother education as the only significant independent factor positively influencing adolescent's total wellness score. Students need to know more about topics related to nutrition, exercise, and anxiety. The wellness behaviors' areas of most deficiency are those of exercise and mental activity, whereas the best areas were those of medication use, environmental, social, and spiritual aspects. Recommendations: School health team should construct and implement special nutritional education intervention programs, promote physical exercise, and develop a hotline service for adolescents' health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Health Protecting and Health Promoting Behaviors Among Preparatory School Students in Zagazig City

Allah¹

2015

AJNS

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“…Prevalence of youth tobacco use reduces life expectancy (Ranabhat et al, 2018; Ranabhat et al, 2019). Socially, youth from disadvantaged groups are more vulnerable to smoking because of their social context (Hefler and Chapman, 2014). Despite the variation in statistics between different classifications of youth, youth smoking is a major threat in every aspect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Situation, Impacts, and Future Challenges of Tobacco Control Policies for Youth: An Explorative Systematic Policy Review

et al. 2019

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Background: Tobacco use in youths is a major public health challenge globally, and approaches to the challenge have not been sufficiently addressed. The existing policies for tobacco control are not well specified by age. Objective: Our study aims to systematically investigate existing tobacco control policies, potential impacts, and national and international challenges to control tobacco use targeting the youth. Data sources: We used the statistics of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), studies, and approaches of tobacco control policies targeting youth. Considering country, continent, age, and significance, PubMed, Health Inter-Network Access to Research Initiative (HINARI), Scopus, the Cochrane Library, Google, and Google Scholar were searched. The related keywords were tobacco control, youth, smoking, smoking reduction policies, prevalence of tobacco use in youth, classification of tobacco control policies, incentives to prevent young people from using tobacco, WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FTCT), etc. The search strategy was by timeline, specific and popular policies, reliability, significance, and applicability. Results: We found 122 studies related to this topic. There were 25 studies focusing on situation, significance, and theoretical aspects of tobacco control policies associated with youth; 41 studies on national population polices and challenges; and 7 studies for global challenges to overcome the youth tobacco epidemic. All national policies have been guided by WHO-MPOWER strategies. Increases in tobacco tax, warning signs on packaging, restriction of tobacco product advertisements, national law to discourage young people, and peer-based approaches to quit tobacco are popular policies. Smuggling of tobacco products by youth and ignorance of smokeless tobacco control approach are major challenges. Limitation: Our study was flexible for the standard age of youth and we were not able to include all countries in the world and most of the studies focused on smoking control rather than all smokeless tobaccos. Conclusion: The policies of tobacco control adopted by many countries are based on the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control but not necessarily focused on youth. Due to the physical and economic burden of tobacco consumption by youth, this is a high priority that needs to be addressed. Youth-focused creative policies are necessary, and more priority must be given to tobacco prevention in youth. Tobacco control should be a social, public health, and quality-of-life concern rather than a business and trade issue. Implication of key findings: There is limited research on how and in what ways tobacco control policies reach young people and their engagement with these policies from physical, physiological, and psychological aspects. Analysis of these aspects, popular polices practiced in different countries, and creative strategies support the need to review current practices and future ways to discourage youth from tobacco use.

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“…Disadvantaged and socially marginalised youth are poorly served by tobacco control; qualitative research about their lived experiences, including stigmatisation, is sparse (Hefler and Chapman, 2015; Twyman et al, 2014), as is the evidence base for the equity impacts of smoking interventions on young people (Brown et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking to fit a stigmatised identity? A qualitative study of marginalised young people in Australia

Hefler

Carter

2017

Health (London)

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In countries with comprehensive tobacco control, smoking is increasingly denormalised, with smokers subject to social stigmatisation. Qualitative research and commentary about denormalisation and stigma has largely focused on the impact on current or former smokers. Little attention has been given to the interaction between existing stigma among socially marginalised and disadvantaged young people and its role in smoking uptake, maintenance and resistance to quitting, or remaining a non-smoker. This article draws on a qualitative (grounded theory) study of young people aged 16-25 years who attended social services for at-risk youth in an inner city area in Australia, to explore the intersection between stigmatised identity and smoking in a context of increasing smoking denormalisation. Drawing on theoretical conceptualisations of stigma, we outline processes by which participants accept and apply social labels, internalise or distance themselves from stigmatised identities, and the influence of labelling on smoking trajectories, to demonstrate how the persistent dilemma of stigma shapes and reinforces smoking behaviour. The study highlights the need for tobacco control initiatives to align and integrate with broader initiatives to address structural inequality and social disadvantage.

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Disadvantaged youth and smoking in mature tobacco control contexts: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research

Cited by 20 publications

References 71 publications

Health Protecting and Health Promoting Behaviors Among Preparatory School Students in Zagazig City

Health Protecting and Health Promoting Behaviors Among Preparatory School Students in Zagazig City

Situation, Impacts, and Future Challenges of Tobacco Control Policies for Youth: An Explorative Systematic Policy Review

Smoking to fit a stigmatised identity? A qualitative study of marginalised young people in Australia

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