Disapproval of Homosexuality: Comparative Research on Individual and National Determinants of Disapproval of Homosexuality in 20 European Countries

Attitudes Toward Parenthood, Partnership, and Social Rights for Diverse Families: Evidence From a Pilot Study in Five Countries

“…Indeed, if we contextualize our findings within the cultural, economic, and institutional profile of our countries, we find, in line with previous research (Gerhards, 2010;Hooghe & Meeusen, 2013;van den Akker et al, 2013;Yucel, 2015), that attitudes are more traditional in countries where a diffusion of new types of families and postmaterialistic and secularized values is lower, and where, at the same time, laws do not allow homosexuals access to partnership and parenthood rights. Further, in countries that have liberal laws in terms of who can marry, form a civil partnership, and adopt or access ART techniques, acceptance of rights for diverse families, including homosexual parenthood, is higher.…”

“…Important insights can be drawn from these three related streams of literature. In particular, cross-national studies on family attitudes, such as attitudes toward marriage and cohabitation (Aassve, Sironi, & Bassi, 2013;Treas et al, 2014;Yucel, 2015) or the acceptance of homosexuality (Hooghe & Meeusen, 2013;Lottes & Alkula, 2011;van den Akker et al, 2013), have shown the importance of understanding individual variation in attitudes within differing national contexts. For example, Treas et al (2014), by using pooled country data for 21 industrialized countries to analyze the decline in disapproval of alternatives to marriage (cohabitation, unmarried parents, and premarital and gay and lesbian sex), found that individual-level characteristics such as gender and age were important determinants of these attitudes, yet significant cross-country differences remained.…”

“…For example, Gerhards (2010) and van den Akker, van der Ploeg, and Scheepers (2013) showed that in wealthier, well-educated countries, where postmaterialist values dominate and diversity is tolerated and where church attendance is lower, individuals tend to be more accepting of homosexuality and homosexual marriage. Hooghe and Meeusen (2013) concluded that lower-educated, older, religious respondents are more disapproving of homosexuality but also that national legislation is important.…”

“…On the one hand, the large body of research focusing on attitudes toward the redistributive role of the welfare state (e.g., Raven, Achterberg, van der Veen, & Yerkes, 2011;Sachweh & Olafsdottir, 2012;van Oorschot, 2007;Wright & Reeskens, 2013) does not address social rights connected to living in diverse family forms. On the other hand, the various studies focusing on attitudes toward homosexuality (e.g., Hooghe & Meeusen, 2013;Kuntz, Davidov, Schwartz, & Schmidt, 2015;Kuyper et al, 2013;Takács & Szalma, 2013;van den Akker, van der Ploeg and Scheepers, 2013) or marriage and alternative forms of family formation (Treas, Lui, & Gubernskaya, 2014) have tended to address the general acceptance of "diverse family forms" or "diverse individuals" without addressing the issue of citizenship rights attached to this diversity. Exceptions to this include studies providing insights into attitudes toward the rights of same-sex couples in the United States (Doan, Loehr, & Miller, 2014;Miller & Chamberlain, 2013), Portugal (Costa et al, 2014), and Sweden and Norway (Jakobsson, Kotsadam, & Jakobsson, 2013).…”

Idosos LGBT que Vivem em Instituições de Cuidados: Desafios e Barreiras para a Manutenção dos Direitos Sexuais

“…Este cambio, si bien nos hace ser optimista, no oculta sin embargo que el prejuicio todavía permanece en muchas personas. Así, la encuestas de opinión de las que disponemos nos hacen ver que incluso en países desarrollados donde la igualdad se ha conseguido desde un punto de vista legal, todavía un importante porcentaje de personas expresan públicamente su antipatía hacia el colectivo LGBT (Adamczyk & Pitt, 2009;van den Akker, van der Ploeg, & Scheepers, 2013). Los delitos con motivos ligados a la orientación sexual de la víctima se siguen produciendo y en muchos ámbitos sociales y laborales la personas LGBT siguen siendo discriminadas, lo que lleva a algunos de ellos a no revelar su orientación sexual por miedo a ser discriminadas (Chatterjee, 2014;Rodríguez-Díaz et al, 2016).…”