Disasters and Population Health

Johnson, Jennifer; Galea, Sandro

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0393-8_14

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 190 publications

(403 reference statements)

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“…22,23 From an epidemiological perspective, older adults are less likely than younger adults to survive disaster. 24 However, older adults who live through disaster may fare better than their middle-aged and younger counterparts on mental health indicators, possibly due to prior experience or more effective coping strategies born of experience. 15,21 Other evidence has shown that older survivors including nonagenarians and their younger counterparts were comparable across pre-and post-disaster measures of psychosocial and cognitive health, 23 although further research is necessary.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Coastal Residents After Multiple Disasters

Cherry

Sampson

Galea

et al. 2016

Disaster med. public health prep.

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Objective: Exposure to multiple disasters, both natural and technological, is associated with extreme stress and long-term consequences for older adults that are not well understood. In this article, we address age differences in health-related quality of life in older disaster survivors exposed to the 2005 Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and the 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill and the role played by social engagement in influencing these differences. Methods: Participants were noncoastal residents, current coastal residents, and current coastal fishers who were economically affected by the BP oil spill. Social engagement was estimated on the basis of disruptions in charitable work and social support after the 2005 hurricanes relative to a typical year before the storms. Criterion measures were participants' responses to the SF-36 Health Survey which includes composite indexes of physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) health. Results: The results of logistic regressions indicated that age was inversely associated with SF-36 PCS scores. A reduction in perceived social support after Hurricane Katrina was also inversely associated with SF-36 MCS scores. Conclusions: These results illuminate risk factors that impact well-being among older adults after multiple disasters. Implications of these data for psychological adjustment after multiple disasters are considered. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:90-96)

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confidence: 99%

Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Coastal Residents After Multiple Disasters

Cherry

Sampson

Galea

et al. 2016

Disaster med. public health prep.

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“…An estimated 88.5 million older adults will comprise 20% of the population by 2050 (United States Census Bureau, 2012). The number of elderly adults who perished in the aftermath of Katrina exceeded the number of deaths of all other age groups combined (Johnson & Galea, 2009). Thus, it is crucial to understand how older adults appraise disaster risk and cope with disaster-related stressors in order to inform, promote, and provide better future services to a growing segment of the population who may also have unique age-related needs when confronted with a natural disaster.…”

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confidence: 99%

Looking for the Silver Lining: Benefit Finding After Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in Middle-Aged, Older, and Oldest-Old Adults

et al. 2015

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Looking for potentially positive outcomes is one way that people cope with stressful events. In two studies, we examined perceived “silver linings” after the 2005 Hurricanes Katrina and Rita among indirectly affected adults. In Study 1, middle-aged (ages 47–64 years), older (ages 65–89 years), and oldest-old (ages 90–95 years) adults in the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study (LHAS) responded to an open-ended question on perceived silver linings in a longitudinal assessment carried out during the immediate impact (1 to 4 months after landfall) and post-disaster recovery phase (6 to 14 months post-storm). Qualitative grounded theory methods were employed to analyze these narrative data. Team-based coding yielded three core themes: (1) learning experience and better preparedness for future disasters, (2) having improved cities (Baton Rouge and New Orleans), and (3) an increase in “Good Samaritan” acts such as strangers helping one another. Responses were similar across age groups, although older adults were the least likely to report positive outcomes. Study 2 was a conceptual replication using a different sample of adults (ages 31 to 82 years) tested at least five years after the storms. A learning experience and preparedness core theme replicated Study 1’s findings while improved social cohesion amongst family and friends emerged as a new core theme in Study 2. These data indicate that identifying lessons learned and potentially positive outcomes are psychological reactions that may facilitate post-disaster coping and foster resilience for indirectly affected adults in the years after disaster.

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“…Final diagnoses remain tentative because of a lack of lab and imaging equipment. Exclusion of patients because of missing data (in carrying out research while working against time under complex circumstances, obviously the patient has priority) has been reported by other FMT 5 , 7 , 8 , 14 . This study covered a limited number of Port-au-Prince districts, preventing extrapolation of results to other areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little research has examined the transition from acute response to the recovery phase, merging disaster-related features with pre-existing local pathology and health issues secondary to disruption of the healthcare system, poor sanitary conditions and crowded internally displaced person (IDP) camps 7 , 10 – 13 . This phase occurs when most disaster-relief teams have left and there is no evidence of when a ‘return to baseline pathology’ can be expected 14 . This study is the first to compare postearthquake diagnoses with baseline data of the same affected area and time span.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disaster preparedness and response improvement: comparison of the 2010 Haiti earthquake-related diagnoses with baseline medical data

Berlaer¹,

Staes²,

Danschutter

et al. 2017

European Journal of Emergency Medicine

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Disasters and Population Health

Cited by 16 publications

References 190 publications

Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Coastal Residents After Multiple Disasters

Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Coastal Residents After Multiple Disasters

Looking for the Silver Lining: Benefit Finding After Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in Middle-Aged, Older, and Oldest-Old Adults

Disaster preparedness and response improvement: comparison of the 2010 Haiti earthquake-related diagnoses with baseline medical data

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