Discharge characteristics and abatement of volatile organic compounds using plasma reactor packed with ceramic Raschig rings

Dou, Baojuan; Bin, Feng; Wang, Chang; Jia, Qi; Li, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.elstat.2013.08.003

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In a PBR, each packing pellet acts as an individual capacitor and can therefore trap charges. The point-to-point discharges (described as 'polar' in this work) observed in PBRs, as well as the abundance of partially discharging PBRs in literature are evidence of this [7,[26][27][28].…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 86%

Plasma-catalyst interaction studied in a single pellet DBD reactor: dielectric constant effect on plasma dynamics

Butterworth

Allen

2017

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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A novel single dielectric pellet DBD that is designed to facilitate studying the interaction between plasmas and catalysts is presented. The influence of material dielectric constant on plasma dynamics across a range of applied voltages is determined through the use of electrical characterisation combined with videos of the discharge. Different discharge modes in nitrogen are observed and their behaviour is characterised. A particular focus is given to the phenomenon known as 'partial discharging'. This is where incomplete plasma formation occurs between the electrodes of the reactor, which may have implications for the fair testing of catalysts in packed bed reactors. Additionally, the occurrence of an 'almond shaped' QV plot in the event of pointto-point discharging in PBRs is explained. This work provides easily implemented analytical techniques that can be applied to understand the behaviour of plasmas within packed bed DBD reactors.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 86%

Plasma-catalyst interaction studied in a single pellet DBD reactor: dielectric constant effect on plasma dynamics

Butterworth

Allen

2017

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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“…The applied voltage was determined using a 10,000:1 divider resistor connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the current was obtained from the voltage drop across a 20 k sam-pling resistor connected in series with the ground electrode of the DBD reactor. The consumed energy and capacitance of the adjacent dielectric barrier were estimated from voltage-charge Lissajous figures, using a 0.2 μF non-inductive capacitor inserted between the reactor and the ground instead of the sampling resistor [8] . The specific energy density (SED) was calculated as the consumed energy divided by the total flow rate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-sustained catalytic combustion of carbon monoxide ignited by dielectric barrier discharge

Bin

Wei

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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This paper presents the results of a study of self-sustained catalytic combustion of CO ignited by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) using Ce 0.5 Zr 0.5 O y /TiO 2 (CeZr/Ti), CuZr 0.25 O y /TiO 2 (CuZr/Ti), and CuCe 0.75 Zr 0.25 O y /TiO 2 (CuCeZr/Ti) catalysts. DBD excites and dissociates some of the reactant molecules in the gas phase. These are more easily adsorbed on the catalyst surface than are ground-state species, therefore induction begins at a lower background temperature than in thermal catalysis. CO is adsorbed on copper sites, therefore CeZr/Ti is inactive in CO ignition, but CuZr/Ti and CuCeZr/Ti achieve DBD ignition at 34 and 44 s, respectively, at a specific energy density (SED) of 1500 J/L. CO catalytic ignition by DBD involves two steps. The induction process is dominated by plasma catalysis. At the same SEDs, induction with CuCeZr/Ti begins earlier than those with CuZr/Ti, in good agreement with the reducibilities and oxygen-transfer properties of these catalysts. The ignition process is governed by thermal catalysis because the enhancement of external diffusion induced by increasing the temperature improves the reaction rate. CuZr/Ti provided more CO adsorption sites than did CuCeZr/Ti, contributing to shortening of the ignition delay.

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“…Additionally, the intensity of the electric field between the contact points of the pellets to pellets or the pellets to the reactor wall could be enhanced because of the polarization of the dielectric materials. Though the electric field was enhanced by the increased discharge power regardless of the packing materials used [27], the presence of packing materials may have further strengthened the average electric field near contact points of the pellets, heightening the electric electron temperature, which facilitated electron collision [39,40], hence causing a higher CO 2 decomposition rate in the packed reactor. The morphology of ZrO 2 pellets may also be conducive to the transfer of electrons, thus accelerating the decomposition of CO 2 .…”

Section: Effect Of Discharge Power and Beads Size On Co 2 Decompositimentioning

confidence: 99%

DBD Plasma-ZrO2 Catalytic Decomposition of CO2 at Low Temperatures

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2018

Catalysts

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This study describes the decomposition of CO 2 using Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma technology combined with the packing materials. A self-cooling coaxial cylinder DBD reactor that packed ZrO 2 pellets or glass beads with a grain size of 1-2 mm was designed to decompose CO 2 . The control of the temperature of the reactor was achieved via passing the condensate water through the shell of the DBD reactor. Key factors, for instance discharge length, packing materials, beads size and discharge power, were investigated to evaluate the efficiency of CO 2 decomposition. The results indicated that packing materials exhibited a prominent effect on CO 2 decomposition, especially in the presence of ZrO 2 pellets. Most encouragingly, a maximum decomposition rate of 49.1% (2-mm particle sizes) and 52.1% (1-mm particle sizes) was obtained with packing ZrO 2 pellets and a 32.3% (2-mm particle sizes) and a 33.5% (1-mm particle sizes) decomposing rate with packing glass beads. In the meantime, CO selectivity was up to 95%. Furthermore, the energy efficiency was increased from 3.3%-7% before and after packing ZrO 2 pellets into the DBD reactor. It was concluded that the packing ZrO 2 simultaneously increases the key values, decomposition rate and energy efficiency, by a factor of two, which makes it very promising. The improved decomposition rate and energy efficiency can be attributed mainly to the stronger electric field and electron energy and the lower reaction temperature. direct decomposition of CO 2 into CO has also attracted great interest, which can not only relieve the pressure of economic growth, but also can achieve energy savings and emission reduction [4,5]. As a common feedstock for industry, CO is a widely-used chemical feedstock that can be used as a reactant to produce higher energy products. Not only can it be used for fuel synthesis, but also for the production of chemicals, such as organic acids, esters and other chemicals. Thus, the selective decomposition of CO 2 into CO is no doubt a promising candidate for clean energy and chemicals. However, due to the high structural stability of the CO 2 molecule, considerable energy is needed for CO 2 activation and decomposition. The conventional thermal-chemical process for CO 2 decomposition has many different levels of limited scope. For example, the thermodynamic equilibrium calculation of CO 2 conversion shows that CO 2 begins to split into CO and O 2 near 2000 K, yet with a very low conversion rate (<1%). The decomposition of CO 2 can only be carried out at an extraordinarily high temperature (3000-3500 K), which consumes high energy and involves considerable economic cost [6]. Nowadays, Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP) is a newly-developed technology, as an attractive alternative, which has been successfully applied in many fields, for instance gas purification and energy conversion [7][8][9][10][11][12]. It has advantages such as a non-equilibrium character, a low energy cost and a unique ability to initiate chemical reactions at low temperatures [13,14]. ...

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Discharge characteristics and abatement of volatile organic compounds using plasma reactor packed with ceramic Raschig rings

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Plasma-catalyst interaction studied in a single pellet DBD reactor: dielectric constant effect on plasma dynamics

Plasma-catalyst interaction studied in a single pellet DBD reactor: dielectric constant effect on plasma dynamics

Self-sustained catalytic combustion of carbon monoxide ignited by dielectric barrier discharge

DBD Plasma-ZrO2 Catalytic Decomposition of CO2 at Low Temperatures

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