“…Although most HIV-positive youth reported struggling with disclosure, greater levels of stress were reported by those who were conflicted about disclosure to a family member, particularly their mother. The tremendous effort that these youth exert to maintain secrecy around their diagnosis may lead to negative mental health effects, while there is evidence that disclosure can lead to improved self-efficacy and increased social support, which in turn has positive effects for psychological well-being (Kalichman, DiMarco, Austin, Luke, & DiFonzo, 2003;Parsons et al, 2005;Zea, Reisen, Poppen, Bianchi, & Echeverry, 2005). However, the potential positive results of disclosure are dependent upon the acceptance and support of the person to whom the participant discloses.…”