Discoloration of the sea due to<i>Coccolithus huxley I</i>“bloom”

Berge, Grim

doi:10.1080/00364827.1962.10410259

Cited by 102 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…One of the earliest hypotheses was that coccoliths might act as protective screens against the harmful effects of high light intensities (Berge 1962, Braarud et al 1952. If coccoliths served such a function, then 2 possible effects might be observed (Nanninga & Tyrrel 1996): (1) the irradiance at which P chl a max is attained (E sat ) would be higher in cal- .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of photosynthetic responses in diploid and haploid life-cycle phases of Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae)

Houdan¹,

Probert²,

Lenning³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of photosynthetic responses in diploid and haploid life-cycle phases of Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae)

Houdan¹,

Probert²,

Lenning³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…This was not REFERENCES surprising, as E. huxleyi's tolerance of low light intensity in vitro has been observed previously (Jeffrey & Allen 1964) and G. oceanica has been recorded growing at the limits of the photic zone (Honjo 1977). The light-scattering ability of the coccolithophores at high light intensities has also been noted (Berge 1962) and might well be a factor in the wide tolerance range.…”

Section: Morphology and Growth Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coccolithophores are ubiquitous and abundant in the world's oceans, and in coastal and inshore waters (Berge 1962;Honjo 1977;Brown & Yoder 1993). Recent studies suggest that New Zealand's coastal waters are no exception.…”

Section: Bloomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blooms (with cell numbers up to 1.2 x 10 8 I" 1 : Berge 1962) can extend thousands of km 2 (Balch et al 1991) and typically colour the water milky-green. In Australasian waters, Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Emiliania huxleyi are the most abundant of the coccolithophore species recorded from the Coral Sea to Bass Strait (Hallegraeff 1984), with G. oceanica dominating in the north and E. huxleyi in the south.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CoccolithophoresGephyrocapsa oceanicaandEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae = Haptophyceae) in New Zealand's coastal waters: Characteristics of blooms and growth in laboratory culture

Rhodes

Peake

MacKenzie

et al. 1995

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Emiliania huxleyi were major components of extensive blooms in New Zealand's coastal waters from September to February, 1992/93. Unusually cold sea surface temperatures at that time were related to the El-Nino phase of the Southern Oscillation and consequent climatic patterns. G. oceanica codominated with Fibrocapsa japonica (Raphidophyceae) along the north-east coast (spring-early summer) in a bloom which immediately preceded a toxic dinoflagellate event. E. huxleyi bloomed in the colder waters of Big Glory Bay, Stewart Island, where a significant water column temperature gradient and depleted nitrate and phosphate concentrations were recorded. An isolate of E. huxleyi from Big Glory Bay grew optimally at a M94060

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“…Nevertheless, references to "milky" blooms caused by coccolithophores are fairly common. Berge (1962) cited a bloom in 195 5 in Fordesfjord, Norway, with coccolith concentrations of 115,000 ml-l, whereas Braarud (1945) cited a bloom in August 1935 near other Norwegian fjords with coccolith concentrations of 33,500 ml-'.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The 1991 coccolithophore bloom in the central North Atlantic. 1. Optical properties and factors affecting their distribution

Balch

Kilpatrick

Trees

1996

Limnology & Oceanography

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Optical scattering and absorption were measured in the central North Atlantic Ocean during a mesoscale bloom of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi. The chlorophyll-specific absorption was similar to previously measured levels for this species in laboratory cultures,. Suspended coccoliths were responsible for -80% of the total backscattering in the center of the bloom, and the greatest calcite-dependent backscattering was observed just below the base of the mixed layer. Areal maps of calcite-dependent backscattering and reflectance were similar because of the dominance of backscattering over absorption. Calculated reflectance at 440 and 550 nm reached -24%, which is slightly less than what has been observed previously in Gulf of Maine blooms. Total _scattering (b) was also calculated as the difference between beam attenuation and absorption. The ratio b, (backscattering divided by total scattering) was -0.01-0.02 at 440 and 550 nm at the most turbid parts of the coccolithophore bloom (b = l-3 m-l). As total scattering decreased below 1 m-l, bb increased. The behavior of b, was compared for coccolith-dominated vs. chlorophyll-dominated waters. Vertical profiles of calcite-dependent scattering, combined with satellite remote sensing data, were used to assess the factors responsible for vertical transport of calcite. The subsurface peak in calcite-dependent scattering did not result from detached coccoliths sinking but resulted either from plated coccolithophores sinking and then detaching their plates or from deep coccolithophores producing and detaching their plates in situ.

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Discoloration of the sea due toCoccolithus huxley I“bloom”

Cited by 102 publications

References 8 publications

Comparison of photosynthetic responses in diploid and haploid life-cycle phases of Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae)

Comparison of photosynthetic responses in diploid and haploid life-cycle phases of Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae)

CoccolithophoresGephyrocapsa oceanicaandEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae = Haptophyceae) in New Zealand's coastal waters: Characteristics of blooms and growth in laboratory culture

The 1991 coccolithophore bloom in the central North Atlantic. 1. Optical properties and factors affecting their distribution

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