Disconnexion Syndromes in Animals and Man: Part I

Deafness for the meanings of number words

“…These reports are similar to the category-specific, modality-specific deficits described in previous sections. For example, similar to the finding reported by Geschwind (1965), more recently Cohen, Verstichel & Dehaene (1997) reported the case of an individual who had a severe neologistic jargon in spoken production, both naming and reading that resulted in a large number of phoneme substitutions. These difficulties were manifested for all categories of words and nonwords except for number words and letters.…”

Pains that Don't Hurt

“…12 Klein 2012. 13 See also Geschwind 1965 andBerthier et al 1988 (48). avoided damage only to avoid unpleasant pain, which the case of pain insensitives-who don't feel pain but still try to avoid damage-shows is false (Klein 2012). Grahek might reply that Abe's brain won't associate visual threat even with damage.…”

Hugo Karl Liepmann and apraxia

“…22 Geschwind supported Liepmann's ideas and advanced his own neuronal disconnection theory for limb praxis similar to Wernicke's concepts for language. 23,24 Geschwind, like Kinnier Wilson, also pointed out the limitations of classification 25 :…”

“…23 Recent functional imaging studies correlated with neuropsychological deficits have not clarified the fundamental nature of the many different patterns of apraxia in relation to its varied anatomical lesions. Positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography and other studies are of limited value, because most patients examined have deficits additional to apraxia, including dystonia, rigidity and cortical sensory loss; further, many published functional imaging studies have been in the resting state, and not during tests of praxis.…”