Discontinuation of Antidepressants in Older Adults: A Literature Review

Abstract

Polypharmacy increases the risk of unbearable side effects, drug–drug interactions, and hospitalizations in geriatric patients. The iatrogenic risk of inadequate management of antidepressants is very important in this population. Therefore, primary care physicians and geriatricians have the responsibility of the optimization of antidepressants prescriptions. Our work is a literature review of the European and the international guidelines regarding the management of antidepressants. We reviewed the PubMed database and Google scholar for articles and reviews from 2015. We also screened relevant articles for more references and searched the web for available European guidelines relevant to our topic. We divided our findings into four main inquiries that are Indication, effectiveness, tolerability, and iatrogenic risks. Poor or absence of effectiveness should lead to a readjustment of the treatment plan. In case of unbearable side effects, antidepressants should be stopped, and alternative non-pharmacological therapies should be proposed. Doctors should look out for drug–drug interaction risks in this population and constantly adjust the prescription. Prescription of antidepressants is not always evidence based which leads to heavy iatrogenic consequences. We suggest a simple 4-questions-algorithm that aims to remind doctors of the basics of good practice and helps in the process of deprescribing an antidepressant in older adults.