Discourse and Racism

Wodak, Ruth; Reisigl, Martin

doi:10.1002/9781118584194.ch27

Cited by 54 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As Fenton adds, “the degree of variation within postulated races came to be recognized as greater than the variation between them” (Fenton, 1999, p. 5). Moreover, the term “race” can be understood in many different ways—as a lineage, subspecies, class, status, or social construct (Banton, 1998; Wodak & Reisigl, 2003). Because of such confusions, and their consequences during World War II (WWII), the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) committee on “race” suggested to replace this term with “ethnic group” (UNESCO, 1952), a new term coined by Deniker (1926).…”

Section: “Ethnic Group” and Cultural Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile little research exists on how individuals understand the term. The starting point to understanding the meaning of concepts, including "ethnic group," is to realize that these concepts, as both social practice and ideology, manifest themselves discursively (Wodak & Reisigl, 2003). Exploring it is of great importance, because people's understanding of the social world has an impact on attitudes and behaviors in social, political, and economic dimensions (Inglehart & Welzel, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Is an “Ethnic Group” in Ordinary People’s Eyes? Different Ways of Understanding It Among American, British, Mexican, and Polish Respondents

Hamer

McFarland

Czarnecka

et al. 2018

Cross-Cultural Research

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Although the term “ethnic group” (EG) is often used in social studies, its definition differs among researchers. Moreover, little is known about ordinary people’s subjective understanding of this term, even though it is often used in social discourse. We examined this issue in a cross-sectional study of 273 American, British, Mexican, and Polish students using an open-ended questions approach. Results revealed cultural differences in patterns of “ethnic group” definitions across the four countries. U.S. respondents predominantly connected EG to “race”; British participants frequently related it to “race,” but more often to “common culture” and “customs/traditions.” Both latter categories were overwhelmingly dominant in Mexico and Poland. However, “nation,” “shared history,” “religion,” “language,” and “territory” were also very popular as EG understandings in Poland. Although most participants used the newer definition of EG (referring to all groups in a society, including minority and majority groups), a few in each country used the term only to refer to minorities and people different from themselves (an older, “minus one” definition). Unexpected definitions of EG also appeared (e.g., people having similar hobbies, having similar work goals, or living in the same city). The results also indicate that for the United States, the United Kingdom, and Mexico, “ethnic group” was more a subgroup within a nation, whereas in Poland, they represented the same level of categorization. The theoretical and practical implications of our findings are discussed.

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Section: “Ethnic Group” and Cultural Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is an “Ethnic Group” in Ordinary People’s Eyes? Different Ways of Understanding It Among American, British, Mexican, and Polish Respondents

Hamer

McFarland

Czarnecka

et al. 2018

Cross-Cultural Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This culturalism encompasses mainstream Islamophobic views (Wodak 2013;Wodak and Reisigl 2015), and has turned into a "normalised" gendered lens to view religious-cultural group differences. That means culturalist gendered projection became "normalised" in a few years, and turned into a hegemonic lens yet before far right parties gained significant ground in parliaments across Europe (Vieten 2017).…”

Section: The October Fest or Taharrush? Place Crime Ethnicity And Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Year’s 2015/2016 Public Sexual Violence Debate in Germany: Media Discourse, Gendered Anti-Muslim Racism and Criminal Law

Vieten

2018

Media, Crime and Racism

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“…This culturalism encompasses mainstream Islamophobic views (Wodak 2013;Wodak and Reisigl 2015), and has turned into a 'normalised' gendered lens to view religious-cultural group differences. That means culturalist gendered projection became 'normalised' in a few years, and turned into a hegemonic lens yet before far right parties gained significant ground in parliaments across Europe.…”

Section: Normalising Everyday Far Right Discourse: Gendered Culturalimentioning

confidence: 99%

Far Right Populism and Women: The Normalisation of Gendered Anti-Muslim Racism and Gendered Culturalism in the Netherlands

Vieten

2016

Journal of Intercultural Studies

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The paper approaches the rise of far right populism in Europe with a feminist lens and on the background of the discursively constructed sexist and racist features of the current moral panic debate. It is argued that we can follow up a continuum of normalised culturalist gendered discourses in Europe, and in the Netherlands in particular, for some time. The paper is organised by looking, first, at the place of gender in far right discourses and the role of women in far right wing populist parties. Second, a feminist critique of processes of normalisation is presented helping to clarify the term 'culturalism'. To illustrate the dynamics of gendered culturalism and the way it impacts the everyday life of Muslim women in the Netherlands, some interview sequences of an empirical study (2012) with female Dutch-Moroccan citizens are discussed. The experiences of the women illustrate how far right populist perspectives and prejudices entered their daily lives, and which counter strategies, the women used to resist intimidations. The paper concludes that foremost the Dutch far right and the PVV party leader, Geert Wilders, were successful in normalising gendered culturalist views about Muslim minority women visa -vis a 'pseudo-emancipatory' nativist claim of cultural superiority with respect to majority women (and men) in liberal European societies.

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Discourse and Racism

Cited by 54 publications

References 20 publications

What Is an “Ethnic Group” in Ordinary People’s Eyes? Different Ways of Understanding It Among American, British, Mexican, and Polish Respondents

What Is an “Ethnic Group” in Ordinary People’s Eyes? Different Ways of Understanding It Among American, British, Mexican, and Polish Respondents

The New Year’s 2015/2016 Public Sexual Violence Debate in Germany: Media Discourse, Gendered Anti-Muslim Racism and Criminal Law

Far Right Populism and Women: The Normalisation of Gendered Anti-Muslim Racism and Gendered Culturalism in the Netherlands

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