Discovering the Secret of Diseases by Incorporated Tear Exosomes Analysis <i>via</i> Rapid-Isolation System: iTEARS

Hu, Liang; Zhang, Ting; Ma, Haijun; Pan, Youjin; Wang, Siyao; Liu, Xiaoling; Dai, Xiaodan; Zheng, Yufeng; Lee, Luke P.; Liu, Fei

doi:10.1021/acsnano.2c02531

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Data show that iTEARS might be used to improve the molecular diagnostics of dry eye disease, along with diabetic retinopathy. 361 There is also a possibility that iTEARS could be used to detect other neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…361 Furthermore, tears were established as another easily accessible body fluid expected to improve molecular diagnostics to diagnose ocular, neurodegenerative, and systemic diseases, as well as cancer. Thus, the study of miRNAs in tear exosomes has shown that miR-145-5p, miR-214-3p, miR-218-5p, and miR-9-5p are dysregulated during diabetic retinopathy development 361 Another possible diagnostic biomarker besides miRNAs are the exosomal mRNAs. 375,376 For example, specific features for diagnosing prostate cancer have been identified in circulating exosomal mRNA.…”

Section: Exosomal Nucleic Acids As Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exosomal miRNAs have been identified as possible biomarkers for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases and renal fibrosis as well. − Recently, a study of tear exosomes concluded that miR-145-5p, miR-214-3p, miR-218-5p, and miR-9-5p are dysregulated during diabetic retinopathy development . Furthermore, tears were established as another easily accessible body fluid expected to improve molecular diagnostics to diagnose ocular, neurodegenerative, and systemic diseases, as well as cancer.…”

Section: Applications Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 372 − 375 Recently, a study of tear exosomes concluded that miR-145-5p, miR-214-3p, miR-218-5p, and miR-9-5p are dysregulated during diabetic retinopathy development. 361 Furthermore, tears were established as another easily accessible body fluid expected to improve molecular diagnostics to diagnose ocular, neurodegenerative, and systemic diseases, as well as cancer. Thus, the study of miRNAs in tear exosomes has shown that miR-145-5p, miR-214-3p, miR-218-5p, and miR-9-5p are dysregulated during diabetic retinopathy development 361 …”

Section: Applications Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

et al. 2022

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Exosomes are a subgroup of nanosized extracellular vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer membrane and secreted by most eukaryotic cells. They represent a route of intercellular communication and participate in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. The biological roles of exosomes rely on their bioactive cargos, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, which are delivered to target cells. Their distinctive properties�innate stability, low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, and good biomembrane penetration capacity�allow them to function as superior natural nanocarriers for efficient drug delivery. Another notably favorable clinical application of exosomes is in diagnostics. They hold various biomolecules from host cells, which are indicative of pathophysiological conditions; therefore, they are considered vital for biomarker discovery in clinical diagnostics. Here, we use data from the CAS Content Collection and provide a landscape overview of the current state and delineate trends in research advancement on exosome applications in therapeutics and diagnostics across time, geography, composition, cargo loading, and development pipelines. We discuss exosome composition and pathway, from their biogenesis and secretion from host cells to recipient cell uptake. We assess methods for exosome isolation and purification, their clinical applications in therapy and diagnostics, their development pipelines, the exploration goals of the companies, the assortment of diseases they aim to treat, development stages of their research, and publication trends. We hope this review will be useful for understanding the current knowledge in the field of medical applications of exosomes, in an effort to further solve the remaining challenges in fulfilling their potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exosomal Nucleic Acids As Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

et al. 2022

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“…Purification of 15 mL cell culture medium with EXODUS resulted in removal of approximately 99% of protein impurities and recovery of approximately 90% of exosomes. iTEARS can rapidly isolate exosomes from small volumes of tears (~10 µL) by using EXODUS (Hu et al, 2022). This system has important implications for the establishment of the precision medicine based on tear exosomes.…”

Section: Non-contact Microfluidicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in isolating methods for exosomes

Gao

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Exosomes are the smallest extracellular vesicles that can be released by practically all cell types, and range in size from 30 nm to 150 nm. As the major marker of liquid biopsies, exosomes have great potential for disease diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis. However, their inherent heterogeneity, the complexity of biological fluids, and the presence of nanoscale contaminants make the isolation of exosomes a great challenge. Traditional isolation methods of exosomes are cumbersome and challenging with complex and time-consuming operations. In recent years, the emergence of microfluidic chips, nanolithography, electro-deposition, and other technologies has promoted the combination and innovation of the isolation methods. The application of these methods has brought very considerable benefits to the isolation of exosomes such as ultra-fast, portable integration, and low loss. There are significant functional improvements in isolation yield, isolation purity, and clinical applications. In this review, a series of methods for the isolation of exosomes are summarized, with emphasis on the emerging methods, and in-depth comparison and analysis of each method are provided, including their principles, merits, and demerits.

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Framework Nucleic Acids Combined with 3D Hybridization Chain Reaction Amplifiers for Monitoring Multiple Human Tear Cytokines

Lu,

Zhou,

Song

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Existing tear sensors are difficult to perform multiplexed assays due to the minute amounts of biomolecules in tearsand the tiny volume of tears. Herein, we leverage DNA tetrahedral frameworks (DTFs) modified on the wireless portable electrodes to effectively capture three dimensional (3D)‐hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplifiers for automatic and sensitive monitoring of multiple cytokines in human tears. The developed sensors allow the sensitive determination of various dry eye syndrome (DES)‐associated cytokines in human tears with the limit of detection down to 0.1 pg/mL, consuming as little as 3 microliters of tear fluid. Double‐blind testing of clinical DES samples using the developed sensor and commercial ELISA showed no significant difference between them. Compared with single‐biomarker diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy of this sensor based on multiple biomarkers has improved by approximately 16%. The developed system offers the potential for tear sensors to enable personalized and accurate diagnosis of various ocular diseases.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Discovering the Secret of Diseases by Incorporated Tear Exosomes Analysis via Rapid-Isolation System: iTEARS

Cited by 42 publications

References 67 publications

Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

Recent developments in isolating methods for exosomes

Framework Nucleic Acids Combined with 3D Hybridization Chain Reaction Amplifiers for Monitoring Multiple Human Tear Cytokines

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