Discovery and Physical Characterization of a Large Scattered Disk Object at 92 au

Gerdes, D. W.; Šako, M.; Hamilton, S.; Zhang, Ke; Khain, Tali; Becker, Juliette; Annis, J.; Wester, W. C.; Bernstein, G. M.; Scheibner, C.; Zullo, L.; Adams, Fred C.; Bergin, Edwin A.; Walker, A. R.; Mueller, J.; Abbott, T. M. C.; Abdalla, F. B.; Allam, S.; Bechtol, K.; Benoit-Lévy, A.; Bertin, E.; Burke, D. L.; Rosell, A. Carnero; Kind, M. Carrasco; Carretero, J.; Cunha, C. E.; Costa, L. N. da; Desai, S.; Diehl, H. T.; Eifler, T. F.; Flaugher, B.; Frieman, Joshua A.; García-Bellido, J.; Gaztañaga, E.; Goldstein, D.; Gschwend, J.; Gutiérrez, G.; Honscheid, K.; James, D. J.; Kent, Stephen M.; Krause, E.; Kuêhn, K.; Kuropatkin, N.; Lahav, O.; Li, T. S.; Maia, M. A. G.; March, M.; Marshall, J. L.; Martini, Paul; Menanteau, F.; Miquel, R.; Nichol, R. C.; Plazas, A. A.; Romer, A. K.; Sánchez, E.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.; Smith, M.; Smith, Randall; Soares-Santos, M.; Sobreira, F.; Suchyta, E.; Swanson, M. E. C.; Tarlè, G.; Tucker, D. L.; Zhang, Y.

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa64d8

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The wide survey exposures are interleaved with a "deep" survey which images 10 DECam pointings (≈ 30 deg 2 ) at ≈ weekly intervals in the griz bands, primarily for detection and measurement of high-redshift Type Ia supernovae (Bernstein et al 2012). The Y4 TNO search reported herein was conducted only on the wide-survey images, but we have also searched much of the deep data and reported TNO detections to the Minor Planet Center (MPC) (Gerdes et al 2016(Gerdes et al , 2017Becker et al 2018;Lin et al 2019;Khain et al 2018Khain et al , 2019.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DES collaboration has experimented with methods for identifying and linking transients which differ from those presented in this paper. Many TNOs have been discovered or measured (Gerdes et al 2016(Gerdes et al , 2017Becker et al 2018;Khain et al 2018;Lin et al 2019;Khain et al 2019) using difference imaging for transient identification (Kessler et al 2015). The search described in this paper is the first to search the full Y4 survey in a uniform fashion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The Dark Energy Survey wide survey covers 10× more area with ≈ 1 mag deeper TNO detection threshold than the Deep Ecliptic Survey, using ≈ 5 times more nights of 4-meter time, a consequence of the higher quantum efficiency and larger field of view offered by DECam. Discoveries of individual objects of interest have been reported from the DES data (Gerdes et al 2016(Gerdes et al , 2017Becker et al 2018;Khain et al 2018;Lin et al 2019) as well as from DECam observations allocated for directed TNO searches (Trujillo & Sheppard 2014;Sheppard et al 2018). Astrometric data from DES observations of known TNOs have been incorporated into forecasts of future occultation events by Banda-Huarca et al (2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trans-Neptunian Objects Found in the First Four Years of the Dark Energy Survey

Bernardinelli

Bernstein

Šako

et al. 2020

ApJS

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We present a catalog of 316 trans-Neptunian bodies detected by the Dark Energy Survey (DES ). These objects include 245 discoveries by DES (139 not previously published) detected in ≈ 60, 000 exposures from the first four seasons of the survey ("Y4" data). The survey covers a contiguous 5000 deg 2 of the southern sky in the grizY optical/NIR filter set, with a typical TNO in this part of the sky being targeted by 25 − 30 Y4 exposures. We describe the processes for detection of transient sources and the linkage into TNO orbits, which are made challenging by the absence of the fewhour repeat observations employed by TNO-optimized surveys. We also describe the procedures for determining detection efficiencies vs. magnitude and estimating rates of false-positive linkages. This work presents all TNOs which were detected on ≥ 6 unique nights in the Y4 data and pass a "subthreshold confirmation" test wherein we demand the the object be detectable in a stack of the individual images in which the orbit indicates an object should be present, but was not detected. This eliminates false positives and yields TNO detections complete to r 23.3 mag with virtually no dependence on orbital properties for bound TNOs at distance 30 AU < d < 2500 AU. The final DES TNO catalog is expected to yield > 0.3 mag more depth, and arcs of > 4 years for nearly all detections.

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Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trans-Neptunian Objects Found in the First Four Years of the Dark Energy Survey

Bernardinelli

Bernstein

Šako

et al. 2020

ApJS

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“…As noted in Mroczkowski et al (2019a), comets may provide key insights into the composition of the early Solar System. Additionally, a number of studies have indicated that low-resolution, next-generation millimetre-wave CMB surveys could probe trans-Neptunian objects, a so-called 'Planet X' or 'Planet Nine', or even extra-solar Oort clouds, where searches for their thermal emission can be much more effective than for reflected light (Cowan et al 2016;Gerdes et al 2017;Baxter et al 2018b,a;Sehgal et al 2019). The wideband ALMA Band 2 receiver will be the ideal tool for detailed, highresolution follow-up, providing more precise locations, imaging, spectroscopy, and kinematic information.…”

Section: Molecular/chemical Complexity In the Milky Way Galaxymentioning

confidence: 99%

Wideband 67−116 GHz receiver development for ALMA Band 2

Yagoubov

Mroczkowski

Belitsky

et al. 2020

A&A

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Context. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) has been in operation since 2011, but it has not yet been populated with the full suite of its planned frequency bands. In particular, ALMA Band 2 (67-90 GHz) is the final band in the original ALMA band definition to be approved for production. Aims. We aim to produce a wideband, tuneable, sideband-separating receiver with 28 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth per polarisation operating in the sky frequency range of 67-116 GHz. Our design anticipates new ALMA requirements following the recommendations of the 2030 ALMA Development Roadmap. Methods. The cryogenic cartridge is designed to be compatible with the ALMA Band 2 cartridge slot, where the coldest components -the feedhorns, orthomode transducers, and cryogenic low noise amplifiers -operate at a temperature of 15 K. We use multiple simulation methods and tools to optimise our designs for both the passive optics and the active components. The cryogenic cartridge is interfaced with a room-temperature (warm) cartridge hosting the local oscillator and the downconverter module. This warm cartridge is largely based on GaAs semiconductor technology and is optimised to match the cryogenic receiver bandwidth with the required instantaneous local oscillator frequency tuning range. Results. Our collaboration has resulted in the design, fabrication, and testing of multiple technical solutions for each of the receiver components, producing a state-of-the-art receiver covering the full ALMA Band 2 and 3 atmospheric window. The receiver is suitable for deployment on ALMA in the coming years and it is capable of dual-polarisation, sideband-separating observations in intermediate frequency bands spanning 4-18 GHz for a total of 28 GHz on-sky bandwidth per polarisation channel. Conclusions. We conclude that the 67-116 GHz wideband implementation for ALMA Band 2 is now feasible and that this receiver provides a compelling instrumental upgrade for ALMA that will enhance observational capabilities and scientific reach. 1 https://www.almaobservatory.org of construction. Recent technological developments in cryogenic monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) and optical components, such as wide bandwidth feedhorns, orthomode transducers (OMT), and lens designs -have opened up the opportunity to extend the originally-planned radio-frequency (RF) bandwidth of this receiver, to cover the 67-116 GHz frequency range on-sky with a single receiver. This holds the potential for combining ALMA Band 2 (67-90 GHz) with ALMA Band 3 (84-116 GHz), serving as an upgrade that paves the way for wider bandwidth ALMA operations. As discussed in Mroczkowski et al. 2019a, this approach offers several opera-Article number, page 1 of 23

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“…In a partial search of its first four years of data, DES has detected over two hundred TNOs (and counting). The discoveries so far include Neptune trojans (Gerdes et al 2016;Lin et al 2019), a dwarf planet candidate (Gerdes et al 2017), two members of a potentially associated triplet family , and a highinclination extreme TNO , with further publications detailing the results of additional analysis to come. Now that the current DES dataset has grown to this substantial size, it is of great interest to study the dynamical properties of this TNO population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Classification of Trans-Neptunian Objects Detected by the Dark Energy Survey

Khain

Becker

Lin

et al. 2020

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The outer Solar System contains a large number of small bodies (known as trans-Neptunian objects or TNOs) that exhibit diverse types of dynamical behavior. The classification of bodies in this distant region into dynamical classes -sub-populations that experience similar orbital evolution -aids in our understanding of the structure and formation of the Solar System. In this work, we propose an updated dynamical classification scheme for the outer Solar System. This approach includes the construction of a new (automated) method for identifying mean-motion resonances. We apply this algorithm to the current dataset of TNOs observed by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and present a working classification for all of the DES TNOs detected to date. Our classification scheme yields 1 inner centaur, 19 outer centaurs, 21 scattering disk objects, 47 detached TNOs, 48 securely resonant objects, 7 resonant candidates, and 97 classical belt objects. Among the scattering and detached objects, we detect 8 TNOs with semi-major axes greater than 150 AU.

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Discovery and Physical Characterization of a Large Scattered Disk Object at 92 au

Cited by 34 publications

References 28 publications

Trans-Neptunian Objects Found in the First Four Years of the Dark Energy Survey

Trans-Neptunian Objects Found in the First Four Years of the Dark Energy Survey

Wideband 67−116 GHz receiver development for ALMA Band 2

Dynamical Classification of Trans-Neptunian Objects Detected by the Dark Energy Survey

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