Discovery of recombining plasma associated with the candidate supernova remnant G189.6+3.3 with Suzaku

Yamauchi, Shigeo; Oya, Moe; Nobukawa, Kumiko K.; Pannuti, T. G.

doi:10.1093/pasj/psaa070

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

2020

DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psaa070

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Discovery of recombining plasma associated with the candidate supernova remnant G189.6+3.3 with Suzaku

Shigeo Yamauchi

Moe Oya

Kumiko K. Nobukawa

et al.

Abstract: We present the results of an X-ray spectral analysis of the northeast region of the candidate supernova remnant G189.6+3.3 with Suzaku. K-shell lines from highly ionized Ne, Mg, Si, and S were detected in the spectrum for the first time. In addition, a radiative recombining continuum (RRC) from He-like Si was clearly seen near 2.5 keV. This detection of an RRC reveals for the first time that G189.6+3.3 possesses an X-ray-emitting recombining plasma (RP). The extracted X-ray spectrum in the 0.6–10.0 keV energy … Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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G189.6+03.3: The first complete X-ray view provided by SRG/eROSITA

Camilloni,

Becker

2023

A&A

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Context. G189.6+03.3 and IC443 are two examples of supernova remnants (SNRs) located in a region rich in gas and dust, and spatially close to the HII region S249. So far, the actual shape of IC443 is believed to be given by the past action of multiple supernova (SN) explosions, while a third unrelated SN might have originated G189.6+03.3. Aims. Although the IC443 nebula has been extensively observed in several bands, on the contrary, the nearby and much weaker SNR G189.6+03.3, discovered in 1994 with ROSAT, has received very little attention. Given the relatively large extent of this second remnant, the new dataset provided by the X-ray telescope eROSITA on board the Spectrum Roentgen Gamma mission provides a unique opportunity to characterize it more in detail. Methods. We provide a full spectral characterization of G189.6+03.3 emission for the first time, together with new images covering the whole remnant. As one of the leading hypotheses is that its emission partially overlaps with the emission from IC443, we test this scenario by dividing the remnant into several regions from which we extracted the spectra. Results. The new X-ray images provided by eROSITA show an elongated structure. Together with the detection of supersolar abundances of O, Mg, Ne, and Si and a subsolar abundance of Fe, these features could be an indication of a faint SN explosion. The X-ray spectra also highlight the presence of a 0.7 keV plasma component across all of the regions, together with an almost uniform column density. Conclusions. The ubiquitous presence of the 0.7 keV plasma component is a strong indication that G189.6+03.3 completely overlaps with IC443. We propose that the progenitors of G189.6+03.3 and IC443 could have been expelled from the same binary or multiple system, and this originated two explosions at different times and in different positions.

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G189.6+03.3: The first complete X-ray view provided by SRG/eROSITA

Camilloni,

Becker

2023

A&A

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Optical and H i observations of IC 443 and G189.6 + 3.3 in a complex environment

Bakış,

Paylı,

Aktekin

et al. 2024

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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The supernova remnant (SNR) IC 443 is one of the best-studied Galactic SNRs at many wavelengths. It is interacting with a very complex environment, including the SNR G189.6 + 3.3 and H ii regions. In this paper, we report on observations of IC 443 and G189.6 + 3.3 using 1.5- and 1-m telescopes to better understand the nature of these SNRs in the optical band. We obtain H$\alpha$ images showing both filamentary and diffuse structures, and long-slit spectra from many locations, with Balmer and forbidden lines detected for IC 443 and G189.6 + 3.3. The [S ii]/ H$\alpha$ ratios confirm the SNR nature of G189.6 + 3.3. The ranges of our estimated electron density and pre-shock cloud density clearly indicate the complex structure surrounding IC 443 and G189.6 + 3.3. We also investigate the archival H i data and newly find some shell-like distributions of H i that are possibly associated with G189.6 $+$ 3.3.

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ALMA CO Observations of the Mixed-morphology Supernova Remnant W49B: Efficient Production of Recombining Plasma and Hadronic Gamma Rays via Shock–Cloud Interactions

Sano

Yamane

Hayashi

et al. 2021

ApJ

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We carried out new CO(J = 2–1) observations toward the mixed-morphology supernova remnant (SNR) W49B with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We found that CO clouds at ∼10 km s−1 show a good spatial correspondence to the synchrotron radio continuum as well as to an X-ray deformed shell. The bulk mass of molecular clouds accounts for the western part of the shell, not the eastern shell, where near-infrared H2 emission is detected. The molecular clouds at ∼10 km s−1 show higher kinetic temperatures of ∼20–60 K, suggesting that modest shock heating occurred. The expanding motion of the clouds with ΔV ∼ 6 km s−1 was formed by strong winds from the progenitor system. We argue that the barrel-like structure of Fe-rich ejecta was possibly formed not only by an asymmetric explosion, but also by interactions with dense molecular clouds. We also found a negative correlation between the CO intensity and the electron temperature of recombining plasma, implying that the origin of the high-temperature recombining plasma in W49B can be understood to be the thermal conduction model. The total energy of accelerated cosmic-ray protons W p is estimated to be ∼2 × 1049 erg by adopting an averaged gas density of ∼650 ± 200 cm−3. The SNR age–W p diagram indicates that W49B shows one of the highest in situ values of W p among gamma-ray-bright SNRs.

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Discovery of recombining plasma associated with the candidate supernova remnant G189.6+3.3 with Suzaku

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

G189.6+03.3: The first complete X-ray view provided by SRG/eROSITA

G189.6+03.3: The first complete X-ray view provided by SRG/eROSITA

Optical and H i observations of IC 443 and G189.6 + 3.3 in a complex environment

ALMA CO Observations of the Mixed-morphology Supernova Remnant W49B: Efficient Production of Recombining Plasma and Hadronic Gamma Rays via Shock–Cloud Interactions

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