Discovery of the Effect of the Strain Sign in Stress Corrosion Phenomena

Русанов, А. И.; Ur'ev, N. B.; Eryukin, P. V.; Мовчан, Т. Г.; Esipova, N. E.

doi:10.1023/b:dopc.0000021260.45217.da

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Thus, the observed difference in the electrochemical responses of the compared systems shows a strong influence of a dispersion state of metal particles on their electrochemical properties. The activity exhibited by golden clusters with respect to their oxidation in chloride-containing solutions seems reasonable from the positions of the mechanic chemistry developed recently in [33,34]. At the same time, in case of PEDOT-Au films, one cannot exclude some initiating influence of the film matrix on the gold oxidation process, as it was observed for the same process in polyaniline films covering a polycrystalline gold electrode [17].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Electroless deposition of gold into poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene films and their characterization performed in chloride-containing solutions

Kondratiev

Pogulaichenko

Suo

et al. 2011

J Solid State Electrochem

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Au-containing polymer films were obtained by electroless deposition of gold from diluted solutions of HAuCl 4 into preliminarily reduced poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) films. Structural peculiarities of such pristine and composite films were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy methods. It was established that the gold clusters forming under such deposition appear on the outer surface of polymer films and their pores. The clusters' sizes ranged between 30 and 100 nm depending on the time of exposition of a PEDOT film in solutions of Au(III) ions and the concentration of these ions. It was also observed that in contrast to pristine PEDOT films, cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of composite films in the presence of chloride ions show additional redox peaks resulting from oxidation of gold with formation of an insoluble product and followed by the product reduction under reversal of the potential scan direction. As a result of parallel electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and CV measurements, it was also established that the number of chloride ions per one transferring electron in the gold oxidation process is near to unity. To elucidate the oxidation degree of gold in the presence of chloride ions, a special procedure of changing the electrode potential was used. It consisted of clamping the high anodic potential in the region of gold oxidation (0.97 V, Ag/AgCl) and subsequent gradual decrease of the electrode potential with a constant scan rate. Under these conditions, it was possible to completely oxidize all the gold particles containing in a composite film and find out the maximum amount of electricity consumed for the product particles' reduction. A comparison between such data and the results obtained in EQCM determinations of the gold content in the same film led to the conclusion that the oxidation state of gold in the complexes formed is Au(III). The effects of chloride ion concentration and scan rate of the electrode potential on current responses of PEDOT-Au films were investigated. Some primary conclusions on the kinetics of the studied processes are made.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Electroless deposition of gold into poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene films and their characterization performed in chloride-containing solutions

Kondratiev

Pogulaichenko

Suo

et al. 2011

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…It should be noted that for the first time the mechanochemical effect of the sign of deformation was recorded [388] in experiments on the dissolution of curved plates of single-crystal calcium chloride. In [387], it was also established that over time, the deformation sign effect reverses.…”

Section: Modeling the Characteristic Features Of The Processes Of Str...mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This result is most easily achieved through bending samples, in particular metal plates. In the thesis [387], it was for the first time experimentally discovered that the corrosion rate for the concave side of the plate is higher than for the convex side. Since the opposite sides of the curved plate differed in the sign of deformation, this phenomenon was called the mechanochemical effect of the sign of deformation in the phenomena of corrosion.…”

Section: Modeling the Characteristic Features Of The Processes Of Str...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical, Agricultural and Physical Sciences as the Main Sciences of Human Development

Vladlenov,

Glovyn,

Gliva

et al. 2024

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All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The content and reliability of the articles are the responsibility of the authors. When using and borrowing materials reference to the publication is required.

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“…Strain has been shown to enhance the dissolution of steels in aqueous sodium chloride and sulfuric acid solutions [12]. The strain sign (tensions versus compression) plays a complex effect on stress corrosion [13]. For example, tension strain results in a lower dissolution rate than compression in a short period of time, e.g.…”

Section: Residual Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLA Missions Beyond Taiwan

Miller¹

2008

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PLA MISSIONS BEYOND TAIWAN Compiled by Marc Miller The National Bureau of Asian Research KEY INSIGHTS:• The PLA is being assigned and training for an increasing variety of missions, including nontraditional battlefields such as outer space and cyber space, as well as nontraditional functions, such as United Nations peacekeeping operations.• These new PLA missions have created a large gap and resulted in tension vis-à-vis PLA capabilities and traditional missions such as internal security, as well as major questions about operational and doctrinal integration.• Clearly, China's neighbors are watching the modernization of the PLA and the expansion and redefinition of its missions very closely, especially those affecting Chinese border regions.On September 26, 2008, more than 70 leading experts on China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) convened at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, for a 2-day discussion on "PLA Missions Beyond Taiwan." The 2008 PLA Conference, conducted by The National Bureau of Asian Research, the Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College, and the Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University, sought to look beyond the PLA's primary focus on Taiwan to explore China's other military missions and objectives.Analysis of China's armed forces tends to focus on its role in a potential Taiwan scenario, which is understandable, given that the PLA retains a central mission in the reunification of Taiwan or prevention of its de jure independence. However, it is also becoming clear that China's interests and foreign policy objectives are growing in number and complexity in tandem with its increasing power and international stature. As a result, it is reasonable to expect the PLA to be asked to perform a wider variety of missions in support of Chinese interests and objectives than it has traditionally, from disaster and humanitarian relief and United Nations (UN) peacekeeping operations (PKO); to counterterrorism and border defense; to outer space and cyber space security; and extending even to the protection of ethnic Chinese abroad.With this in mind, the conference participants' core objectives were to examine the interplay between China's armed forces and its complex foreign policy and international security environment in order to understand the requirements of several newly emerging PLA missions, and to consider how these specific interactions affect policy towards Taiwan and the wider Asia-Pacific region. They Report Documentation PageForm Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferso...

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Discovery of the Effect of the Strain Sign in Stress Corrosion Phenomena

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Electroless deposition of gold into poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene films and their characterization performed in chloride-containing solutions

Electroless deposition of gold into poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene films and their characterization performed in chloride-containing solutions

Technical, Agricultural and Physical Sciences as the Main Sciences of Human Development

PLA Missions Beyond Taiwan

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