Discovery of the genus&amp;nbsp;Strangulotilla Nonveiller, 1979 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) in India and description of a new species from the Western Ghats

Terine, Joshua B.; Lelej, Arkady S.; Kumar, Girish P.

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.7

Cited by 831 publications

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“…and two Strangulotilla spp.) also have a glabrous or weakly longitudinally-striate pygidial plate in the known females (Lelej, 2005;Terine et al, 2021;Lelej et al, 2017). In contrast, Ctenotillini females have a granulate pygidial plate (although it is striate in three species of Cephalotilla (Nonveiller, 1979(Nonveiller, , 1995).…”

Section: Mutillinae: Trogaspidiini Bischoff 1920mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomic inference of the higher classification of velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae)

Waldren

Sadler

Murray

et al. 2023

Systematic Entomology

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The family Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) is a species-rich group of aculeate wasps that occur worldwide. The higher-level classification of the family has historically been controversial due, in part, to the extreme sexual dimorphism exhibited by these insects and their morphological similarity to other wasp taxa that also have apterous females. Modern hypotheses on the internal higher classification of Mutillidae have been exclusively based on morphology and, further, they include Myrmosinae as a mutillid subfamily. In contrast, several molecular-based family-level studies of Aculeata recovered Myrmosinae as a nonmutillid taxon. To test the validity of these morphology-based classifications and the phylogenetic placement of the controversial taxon Myrmosinae, a phylogenomic study of Mutillidae was conducted using ultraconserved elements (UCEs). All currently recognized subfamilies and tribes of Mutillidae were represented in this study using 140 ingroup taxa.The maximum likelihood criterion (ML) and the maximum parsimony criterion (MP) were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships within the family and related taxa using an aligned data set of 238,764 characters; the topologies of these respective analyses were largely congruent. The modern higher classification of Mutillidae, based on morphology, is largely congruent with the phylogenomic results of this study at the subfamily level, whereas the tribal classification is poorly supported. The subfamily Myrmosinae was recovered as sister to Sapygidae in the ML analysis and sister to Sapygidae + Pompilidae in the MP analysis; it is consequently raised to the family level, Myrmosidae, stat.nov. The two constituent tribes of Myrmosidae are raised to the subfamily level, Kudakrumiinae, stat.nov., and Myrmosinae, stat.nov. All four recognized tribes of Mutillinae were found to be non-monophyletic; three additional mutilline clades were recovered in addition to Ctenotillini, Mutillini, Smicromyrmini, and Trogaspidiini sensu stricto. Three new tribes are erected for members of these clades: Pristomutillini Waldren, trib.nov., Psammothermini Waldren, trib.nov., and Zeugomutillini Waldren, trib.nov. All three recognized tribes of Sphaeropthalminae were found to be non-monophyletic; six additional sphaeropthalmine clades were recovered in addition to Dasymutillini, Pseudomethocini, and Sphaeropthalmini sensu stricto. The subtribe Ephutina of Mutillinae: Mutillini was found to be polyphyletic, with the Ephuta genus-group recovered within Sphaeropthalminae and the Odontomutilla genus-group recovered as sister to Myrmillinae + Mutillinae. Consequently, the subtribe Ephutina is transferred from Mutillinae: Mutillini and is raised to a tribe within Sphaeropthalminae, Ephutini, stat.nov. Further, the taxon Odontomutillinae, stat.nov., is raised

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