Discovery of underground argon with a low level of radioactive<sup>39</sup>Ar and possible applications to WIMP dark matter detectors

Galbiati, C.; Acosta-Kane, D.; Acciarri, R.; Amaize, O; Antonello, M.; Baibussinov, B.; Ceolin, M. Baldo; Ballentine, C. J.; Bansal, Richa; Basgall, L.; Bazarko, A.O.; Benetti, P.; Benziger, J.; Burgers, A. P.; Calaprice, F.; Calligarich, E.; Cambiaghi, M.; Canci, N.; Carbonara, F.; Cassidy, Martin; Cavanna, F.; Centro, S.; Chavarría, Á.; Cheng, D.C.; Cocco, A. G.; Collon, P.; Dalnoki‐Veress, F.; Haas, E. de; Pompeo, Francesco; Fiorillo, G.; Fitch, F. J.; Gallo, V.; Gaull, M.; Gazzana, S.; Grandi, L.; Goretti, A.; Highfill, Robert R.; Highfill, T; Hohman, T.; Ianni, A.; LaCava, A.; Laubenstein, M.; Lee, H Y; Leung, M.; Loer, B.; Loosli, H.H.; Lyons, Brendan; Marks, David; McCarty, K.; Meng, G.; Montanari, C.; Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy; Nelson, A.; Palamara, O.; Pandola, L.; Pietropaolo, F.; Pivonka, T.; Pocar, A.; Purtschert, Roland; Rappoldi, A.; Resnati, F.; Robertson, D.; Roncadelli, M.; Rossella, M.; Rubbia, C.; Ruderman, Joshua T.; Saldanha, R.; Schmitt, C.; Scott, Robert H.; Segreto, E.; Shirley, Arthur I.; Szelc, A. M.; Tartaglia, R.; Teşileanu, Tiberiu; Ventura, S.; Vignoli, C.; Visnjic, C.; Vondrasek, R.; Yushkov, A.

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/120/4/042015

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In order to provide realistic calculations, we examine three dark matter experiments which are drawn from the designs of GEODM [27], LZ [28], and MAX [29]. These experiments use germanium, xenon, and argon as their targets, respectively.…”

Section: Rates and Time To Discoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent neutrino scattering in dark matter detectors

et al. 2011

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Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus and weakly interacting massive particle-nucleus interaction signatures are expected to be quite similar. This paper discusses how a next-generation ton-scale dark matter detector could discover neutrino-nucleus coherent scattering, a precisely-predicted standard model process. A high-intensity pion-and muon-decay-at-rest neutrino source recently proposed for oscillation physics at underground laboratories would provide the neutrinos for these measurements. In this paper, we calculate raw rates for various target materials commonly used in dark matter detectors and show that discovery of this interaction is possible with a 2 ton Á year GEODM exposure in an optimistic energy threshold and efficiency scenario. We also study the effects of the neutrino source on weakly interacting massive particle sensitivity and discuss the modulated neutrino signal as a sensitivity/consistency check between different dark matter experiments at the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory. Furthermore, we consider the possibility of coherent neutrino physics with a GEODM module placed within tens of meters of the neutrino source.

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Section: Rates and Time To Discoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent neutrino scattering in dark matter detectors

et al. 2011

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“…For a WIMP search, ER is again the main background, due to 39 Ar in DarkSide-50 (DS-50) at Gran Sasso [159], DEAP-3600 (and formerly CLEAN precursors) at SNOLab [160,161], and ArDM (at Canfranc). Underground Ar depleted in this isotope reduces the background, but it remains dominant [162]. In neutrino experiments, ER is the signal, via neutral-current, charged-current, and elastic-scattering interactions.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Review of Basic Energy Reconstruction Techniques in Liquid Xenon and Argon Detectors for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics Using NEST

et al. 2021

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Detectors based upon the noble elements, especially liquid xenon as well as liquid argon, as both single- and dual-phase types, require reconstruction of the energies of interacting particles, both in the field of direct detection of dark matter (weakly interacting massive particles WIMPs, axions, etc.) and in neutrino physics. Experimentalists, as well as theorists who reanalyze/reinterpret experimental data, have used a few different techniques over the past few decades. In this paper, we review techniques based on solely the primary scintillation channel, the ionization or secondary channel available at non-zero drift electric fields, and combined techniques that include a simple linear combination and weighted averages, with a brief discussion of the application of profile likelihood, maximum likelihood, and machine learning. Comparing results for electron recoils (beta and gamma interactions) and nuclear recoils (primarily from neutrons) from the Noble Element Simulation Technique (NEST) simulation to available data, we confirm that combining all available information generates higher-precision means, lower widths (energy resolution), and more symmetric shapes (approximately Gaussian) especially at keV-scale energies, with the symmetry even greater when thresholding is addressed. Near thresholds, bias from upward fluctuations matters. For MeV-GeV scales, if only one channel is utilized, an ionization-only-based energy scale outperforms scintillation; channel combination remains beneficial. We discuss here what major collaborations use.

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“…[53], the Mi-croCLEAN experiment has achieved 6 photoelectrons/keVee sensitivity. The abundant 39 Ar background could further be alleviated with the use of depleted argon from underground sources, which has an isotopic abundance of 39 Ar that is <5% of natural argon at the surface [54]. Figure 2 shows the rate of 39 Ar after PSD with 13% on-time, for two assumptions of ERC reported in Ref.…”

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confidence: 99%

Measuring active-to-sterile neutrino oscillations with neutral current coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering

et al. 2012

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Light sterile neutrinos have been introduced as an explanation for a number of oscillation signals at ∆m 2 ∼ 1 eV 2 . Neutrino oscillations at relatively short baselines provide a probe of these possible new states. This paper describes an accelerator-based experiment using neutral current coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering to strictly search for active-to-sterile neutrino oscillations. This experiment could, thus, definitively establish the existence of sterile neutrinos and provide constraints on their mixing parameters. A cyclotron-based proton beam can be directed to multiple targets, producing a low energy pion and muon decay-at-rest neutrino source with variable distance to a single detector. Two types of detectors are considered: a germanium-based detector inspired by the SuperCDMS design and a liquid argon detector inspired by the proposed CLEAR experiment.

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Discovery of underground argon with a low level of radioactive³⁹Ar and possible applications to WIMP dark matter detectors

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Coherent neutrino scattering in dark matter detectors

Coherent neutrino scattering in dark matter detectors

A Review of Basic Energy Reconstruction Techniques in Liquid Xenon and Argon Detectors for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics Using NEST

Measuring active-to-sterile neutrino oscillations with neutral current coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering

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Discovery of underground argon with a low level of radioactive39Ar and possible applications to WIMP dark matter detectors

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Coherent neutrino scattering in dark matter detectors

Coherent neutrino scattering in dark matter detectors

A Review of Basic Energy Reconstruction Techniques in Liquid Xenon and Argon Detectors for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics Using NEST

Measuring active-to-sterile neutrino oscillations with neutral current coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering

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Discovery of underground argon with a low level of radioactive³⁹Ar and possible applications to WIMP dark matter detectors