Discrepancies in International Data: An Application to China–Hong Kong Entrepôt Trade

Production Networks and Trade Patterns in East Asia: Regionalization or Globalization?

“…The data are tabulated using importer records, which are considered to be more appropriate for analyzing trade patterns than the corresponding exporter records. Compared to country records, importer records are also presumably less susceptible to double-counting and erroneous identification of the source/destination country in the presence of entrepot trade (e.g., the PRC's trade through Hong Kong, China and Indonesia's trade through Singapore) (Ng and Yeats, 2003;Feenstra et al, 1999). Some countries also fail to properly report goods shipped from their own export-processing zones as these tend to be grouped into one highly aggregated category of ‗special transactions' under SITC 9.…”

Trade and Investment among China, the United States, and the Asia-Pacific Economies: An Invited Testimony to the U.S. Congressional Commission

“…One business implication of the importance of re-exports in China's trade is that in evaluating the export market potential of China, one will need to take re-exports into account. A policy and a research implication is that the bilateral trade data of most countries with China need to be adjusted, including those of the United States, Japan, the European Union and Canada (Feenstra, Hai, Woo and Yao 1999). Using adjusted official U.S. data, the adjusted estimate of United States-China bilateral trade balance for 2002 is $76.6 billions (Fung and Lau 2003).…”

A New Indicator of Competitiveness for Italy and the Main Industrial and Emerging Countries

“…On the other hand Feenstra et al (1999) point out that the US Department of Commerce data are not without their own problems: in fact they tend to overestimate the value of US imports from China because they do not take account of the share of their value added that should be attributed to Hong Kong.…”