Discrete element modelling of contractional fault-propagation folding above rigid basement fault blocks

Finch, Emma; Hardy, Stuart; Gawthorpe, Rob L.

doi:10.1016/s0191-8141(02)00053-6

Cited by 134 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For these reasons, this method has been used in many geological problems, especially involving the analysis of highstrain brittle deformation in the sedimentary cover such as normal faulting in layered sequences (Schöpfer et al, 2006(Schöpfer et al, , 2007a(Schöpfer et al, , 2007bEgholm et al, 2008;, fault bend folding (Strayer et al, 2004;Benesh et al, 2007), fault-propagation folding (Finch et al, 2003(Finch et al, , 2004Cardozo et al, 2005;Hardy andFinch 2006, 2007) (Hardy and Finch, 2005), and doubly vergent thrust wedges (Hardy et al, 2009), to name some examples. In all these cases, the results have a strong correspondence to the deformation seen in the field and seismic.…”

Section: Discrete Element Methods -Demmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Imaging of Salt-influenced Compressional Folds

Valencia¹,

Carolina²

2016

78th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2016

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Section: Discrete Element Methods -Demmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Imaging of Salt-influenced Compressional Folds

Valencia¹,

Carolina²

2016

78th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2016

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“…Theoretical models investigating the passive folding of markers in various rheology materials in response to slip on a underlying fault have been developed by a number of researchers [models for ramp folding (e.g., Elliot 1976;Wiltschko 1979;Johnson 1980, 1982;Johnson and Berger 1989;Erickson and Jamison 1995;Strayer and Suppe 2002); models for forced folds (e.g., Sanford 1959;Reches and Johnson 1978;Patton and Fletcher 1995;Johnson and Johnson 2002;Cardozo et al 2003Cardozo et al , 2005Finch et al 2003); models for fault propagation folding (e.g., Cardozo et al 2005)]. To our knowledge few studies have incorporated buckling, mainly interlayer slip.…”

Section: Kinematics and Mechanics Of Fault-cored Anticlinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fault-Cored Anticline Boundary Element Model Incorporating the Combined Fault Slip and Buckling Mechanisms

Huang

Johnson

2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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We develop a folding boundary element model in a medium containing a fault and elastic layers to show that anticlines growing over slipping reverse faults can be significantly amplified by mechanical layering buckling under horizontal shortening. Previous studies suggested that folds over blind reverse faults grow primarily during deformation increments associated with slips on the fault during and immediately after earthquakes. Under this assumption, the potential for earthquakes on blind faults can be determined directly from fold geometry because the amount of slip on the fault can be estimated directly from the fold geometry using the solution for a dislocation in an elastic half-space. Studies that assume folds grown solely by slip on a fault may therefore significantly overestimate fault slip. Our boundary element technique demonstrates that the fold amplitude produced in a medium containing a fault and elastic layers with free slip and subjected to layer-parallel shortening can grow to more than twice the fold amplitude produced in homogeneous media without mechanical layering under the same amount of shortening. In addition, the fold wavelengths produced by the combined fault slip and buckling mechanisms may be narrower than folds produced by fault slip in an elastic half space by a factor of two. We also show that subsurface fold geometry of the Kettleman Hills Anticline in Central California inferred from seismic reflection image is consistent with a model that incorporates layer buckling over a dipping, blind reverse fault and the coseismic uplift pattern produced during a 1985 earthquake centered over the anticline forelimb is predicted by the model.

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“…detachment folding (Hardy and Finch 2006), thrust/extensional fault-propagation folds (Finch et al 2003(Finch et al , 2004Hardy and Finch 2005), doubly vergent thrust wedges (Hardy et al 2009) and evolution of calderas (Hardy 2008). The model approach is a variant of the "Lattice Solid Model" Place 1993, 1994).…”

Section: Discrete Element Modelling (Dem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combining these two approaches allows us to include the simulation of both sedimentation and deformation processes in a single and more realistic model. This new tool results from the merging of two previous published works: Simsafadim-Clastic (Bitzer and Salas 2002;Gratacós 2004;Gratacós et al 2009a) and a discrete element model or DEM (Finch et al 2003(Finch et al , 2004Hardy and Finch 2005, 2006, 2007Hardy et al 2009). The former simulates sub-aquatic clastic transport and sedimentation in three dimensions, including processes of interaction, production, and sedimentation of carbonates; moreover, it is also a powerful tool for the 3D prediction of stratigraphic structures and facies distribution modelling in sedimentary basins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Syntectonic Sedimentation: Combining a Discrete Element Model of Tectonic Deformation and a Process-based Sedimentary Model in 3D

et al. 2010

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This paper presents a new numerical program able to model syntectonic sedimentation. The new model combines a discrete element model of the tectonic deformation of a sedimentary cover and a process-based model of sedimentation in a single framework. The integration of these two methods allows us to include the simulation of both sedimentation and deformation processes in a single and more effective model. The paper describes briefly the antecedents of the program, SimsafadimClastic and a discrete element model, in order to introduce the methodology used to merge both programs to create the new code. To illustrate the operation and application of the program, analysis of the evolution of syntectonic geometries in an extensional environment and also associated with thrust fault propagation is undertaken. Using the new code, much more complex and realistic depositional structures can be simulated together with a more complex analysis of the evolution of the deformation within the sedimentary cover, which is seen to be affected by the presence of the new syntectonic sediments.

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Discrete element modelling of contractional fault-propagation folding above rigid basement fault blocks

Cited by 134 publications

References 32 publications

Seismic Imaging of Salt-influenced Compressional Folds

Seismic Imaging of Salt-influenced Compressional Folds

A Fault-Cored Anticline Boundary Element Model Incorporating the Combined Fault Slip and Buckling Mechanisms

Modelling Syntectonic Sedimentation: Combining a Discrete Element Model of Tectonic Deformation and a Process-based Sedimentary Model in 3D

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