Discrete Element Simulation of Centrifuge Test of Dry Sand Under Dynamic Compaction

A Microscopic Insight into Effect of Particle Gradation on Dynamic Compaction of Dry Sand

“…The porosity, Poisson's ratio and friction coe cient of these models are all 0.12, 0.3 and 0.7, respectively, which are the same to those in the reference (Li et al 2018). The numbers of particles generated by S1, S2, S3 and S4 in DC simulations were 57636, 5539, 21975 and 242800, respectively.…”

“…The closer the measurement circle was to the tamping point, the earlier the stress wave arrived, and the earlier the stress reached the peak value. The vertical stresses reached to the peak value at 0.2 s (Li et al 2018) and attenuated at about 0.3 s. As the depth of test points increased, the difference of stress peak between the mono-sized samples (S2, S3 and S4) and the sample (S1) generated by the gradation curve became small since the in uence of DC became small and gravity became large. It can also be seen from Figs.…”

“…The tamper was generated by 40 overlapping balls using the clump command in PFC 2D . The discrete element simulation of dry sand centrifugal test under DC has been carried out by Li et al (2018), and the same microscopic parameters were adopted in this paper, as listed in Table 1. The generation method of the sample is the same to the literature (Li et al 2018), and those particles, greater than 0.3 mm in diameter, were chosen to generate balls according to the proportion of particles in different range of particle size, as is shown in Figs.…”

“…Under impact load, the increase of the coordination number of particles indicates that the soil particles became dense. It was pointed out in the literature (Li et al 2018) that the curve of particle coordination number included three stages, that was, rising, decreasing and stabilizing, and that the coordination numbers of particles at the stable stage were greater than the initial values. Figure 7 displays that the coordination numbers of particles for the sample (S1) generated by the particle size distribution were smaller than those of mono-sized samples, and the difference became large with the increase of the depth of test points.…”

“…Apart from those investigations mentioned above, a lot of studies were focused on the numerical modeling of DC (Poran and Rodriguez 1992;Chow et al 1992 and a centrifuge test of dry sand under DC (Takada and Oshima 1994) was modeled in order to investigate the microscopic characteristics of sand under DC at a particle level (Li et al 2018(Li et al , 2021.…”