Discrete models of woven structures. Macroscopic approach

Design and Potentiality of an Apparatus for Measuring Yarn/Yarn and Fabric/Fabric Friction

“…Many methods have been proposed recently to achieve representative sheet forming simulations for one layer of dry or thermoplastic fabric, through different types of finite elements (trusses, shells, membrane elements), with continuous, discrete or semi-discrete approaches [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Several key entry parameters for the simulation models need to be determined.…”

The postulations á la D’Alembert and á la Cauchy for higher gradient continuum theories are equivalent: a review of existing results

“…This equality, which holds for every admissible subbody and test field, dates back to the pioneering works of D'Alembert, Lagrange and Piola [30][31][32]78] where it is shown that this principle is a generalization of Newton second law which is more suitable when dealing with more general systems than finite systems of material points (see also [135][136][137]). Note that this postulate is usually written in a slightly different way: indeed, mechanical interactions are usually distinguished into internal and external ones.…”

Experimental identification of a lattice model for woven fabrics: Application to electronic textile

“…In this way the shear stiffness of the fabric, that comes into play if the yarns rotate relative to each other, can be modeled. Local events such as slip in the member-to-member interaction (Ben Boubaker et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2010) and failure of individual members can be taken into account in a natural manner in lattice models (Liu et al, 2010), whereas they are complex to include in continuum models. The discrete conductive wires in electronic textile can also be modelled individually in lattice models, whereas this is not trivially established in continuum descriptions.…”

“…The discrete members of the mesostructure of these materials are represented by discrete elements such as trusses or beams in these models (Kato et al, 1997;Sharma and Sutcliffe, 2004;Ben Boubaker et al, 2007). An example of a lattice model for a woven fabric is shown in Fig.…”