“…Thus, the residual noise e ( k ) can be expressed as where y ( k ) = W ( k ) T X ( k ), the weighting parameter is W ( k ) = [ w 0 ( k ), w 1 ( k ), … , w N −1 ( k )] T and the input noise is X ( k ) = [ x ( k ), x ( k − 1), … , x ( k − N + 1)] T . The corresponding gradient estimation and adaptations of the weights are formulated as We have the adaptation as where μ is the learning rate . The FXLMS algorithm in has a correction term of X ( k ) S ( z ), unlike that in the conventional least mean squares (LMS) algorithm in , So, in order to realize the ANC system, the reference signal X ( k ) must be filtered by the , which is obtained by identifying S ( z ).…”