Discriminant Canonical Analysis of the Contribution of Spanish and Arabian Purebred Horses to the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Hispano-Arabian Horses

Navas, Carmen Marín; Bermejo, Juan Vicente Delgado; McLean, Amy; Jurado, José Manuel León; Torres, Antonio Rodrı́guez; González, Francisco Javier Navas

doi:10.3390/ani11020269

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…A significant ( p < 0.0001) Pillai’s Trace value (1.20) indicated there were detectable differences across the classification groups. Canonical variable 1 had the greatest squared canonical correlation at 0.30 which is below the suggested cutoff value of 0.4 [ 15 ]. Canonical variable 1 explained 29% of variance with an Eigenvalue of 0.45.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Horse Selection, Longevity, and Retirement in Equine-Assisted Services in the United States

Rankins

Wickens

McKeever

et al. 2021

Animals

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Little published information exists on the horses in equine-assisted services (EAS), particularly their selection, longevity, and retirement. The purpose of this study was to characterize horses and procedures used in EAS. A pilot survey was developed using focus group discussions and distributed to Professional Association of Therapeutic Horsemanship, International (PATH Intl) centers in Florida (n = 45, Part I) before further modification and distribution to members of PATH Intl., American Hippotherapy Association (AHA), eagala, and Certified Horsemanship Association (CHA) (n = 26,000, Part II). Response rates were 36% (Part I) and 0.7% (Part II). Centers report a median of 10 (Part I) or 9 (Part II) horses and ponies. Selection procedures included initial screening (Part I = 100%, Part II = 96%), pre-purchase or pre-donation exam (I = 64%, II = 60%), acclimation period (I = 100%, II = 84%), trial period (I = 91%, II = 90%), and other (II = 11%). Horses remained active in programs for less than a year to over 20 years with the greatest number working 7–10 (Part I) or 1–6 (Part II) yr. In Part I of the study, behavior (44%) was the leading cause of retirement followed by unsoundness (33%). In Part II, unsoundness was the highest ranked response followed by behavior. Behavior, soundness, and health emerged as key factors in horse selection and retirement. Future work should focus on investigating these issues at an individual horse level.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Horse Selection, Longevity, and Retirement in Equine-Assisted Services in the United States

Rankins

Wickens

McKeever

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…In this way, noise or redundancy problems in the variables used were detected before data manipulation. The exclusion of unnecessary variables through multicollinearity analysis ensures that redundancies do not overinflate the variance explanatory potential [ 132 ]. The variance inflation factor (VIF) is used as a multicollinearity indicator, and it can be calculated by the use of the following formula: VIF = 1/(1 − R 2 ), where R 2 is the coefficient of determination of the regression equation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Meat and Carcass Quality from Worldwide Native Chicken Breeds

Ariza

González

Arbulu

et al. 2022

Foods

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The present research aimed to determine the differential clustering patterns of carcass and meat quality traits in local chicken breeds from around the world and to develop a method to productively characterize minority bird populations. For this, a comprehensive meta-analysis of 91 research documents that dealt with the study of chicken local breeds through the last 20 years was performed. Thirty-nine traits were sorted into the following clusters: weight-related traits, histological properties, pH, color traits, water-holding capacity, texture-related traits, flavor content-related nucleotides, and gross nutrients. Multicollinearity problems reported for pH 72 h post mortem, L* meat 72 h post mortem, a* meat 72 h post mortem, sex, firmness, and chewiness, were thus discarded from further analyses (VIF < 5). Data-mining cross-validation and chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID) decision tree development allowed us to detect similarities across genotypes. Easily collectable trait, such as shear force, muscle fiber diameter, carcass/pieces weight, and pH, presented high explanatory potential of breed variability. Hence, the aforementioned variables must be considered in the experimental methodology of characterization of carcass and meat from native genotypes. This research enables the characterization of local chicken populations to satisfy the needs of specific commercial niches for poultry meat consumers.

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“…Coat colour genetic control may be compulsorily considered in the breeding programmes of horse breeds with fixed standards [12]. Contextually, although no explicit mention of coat colour is made in the Há breed standard [13], multiple conditioning factors (breeder preferences among others), may have shaped its population structure and genetic diversification process, and also those occurring in its two ancestral breeds [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Hundred Years of Coat Colour Influences on Genetic Diversity in the Process of Development of a Composite Horse Breed

Navas

Bermejo

McLean

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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Genetic diversity and demographic parameters were computed to evaluate the historic effects of coat colour segregation in the process of configuration of the Hispano-Arabian horse (Há). Pedigree records from 207,100 individuals born between 1884 and 2019 were used. Although coat colour is not a determinant for the admission of Hispano-Arabian individuals as apt for breeding, it may provide a representative visual insight into the gene contribution of Spanish Purebred horses (PRE), given many of the dilution genes described in Há are not present in the Arabian Purebred breed (PRá). The lack of consideration of coat colour inheritance patterns by the entities in charge of individual registration and the dodging behaviour of breeders towards the historic banning policies, may have acted as a buffer for diversity loss (lower than 8%). Inbreeding levels ranged from 1.81% in smokey cream horses to 8.80 for white horses. Contextually, crossbred breeding may increase the likelihood for double dilute combinations to occur as denoted by the increased number of Há horses displaying Pearl coats (53 Há against 3 PRE and 0 PRá). Bans against certain coat colours and patterns may have prevented an appropriate registration of genealogical information from the 4th generation onwards for decades. This may have brought about the elongation of generation intervals. Breeder tastes may have returned to the formerly officially-recognised coat colours (Grey and Bay) and Chestnut/Sorrel. However, coat colour conditioning effects must be evaluated timely for relatively short specific periods, as these may describe cyclic patterns already described in owners’ and breeders’ tastes over the centuries.

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Discriminant Canonical Analysis of the Contribution of Spanish and Arabian Purebred Horses to the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Hispano-Arabian Horses

Cited by 25 publications

References 62 publications

A Survey of Horse Selection, Longevity, and Retirement in Equine-Assisted Services in the United States

A Survey of Horse Selection, Longevity, and Retirement in Equine-Assisted Services in the United States

Variability of Meat and Carcass Quality from Worldwide Native Chicken Breeds

One Hundred Years of Coat Colour Influences on Genetic Diversity in the Process of Development of a Composite Horse Breed

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