Discriminant factors and the relationship between anthropometry and maturation on strength performance in elite young male Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu athletes

Bulhões-Correia, Alexandre; Almeida-Neto, Paulo Francisco de; Cabral, Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco; Dantas, Paulo Moreira Silva

doi:10.1007/s11332-021-00884-y

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Unsurprisingly, skill and years of trainings are connected with the survey respondents' ages. Additionally, it might be predicted that martial arts students' HGS and weight are related, which is congruent with the data in the literature [8,11,31,[54][55][56]. The same holds true for HGS and age [51,57].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Discriminant analysis results showed that HGS in male and female judokas is related to practitioner weight and gender [7]. Moreover, hand grip is one of the characteristics capable of differentiating young BJJ athletes [8]. It was also demonstrated that uneven physical exertion of both sides of body in judo may impact directional and absolute asymmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Handgrip Strength as a Distinguishing Factor of People Training Martial Arts

Bajkowski,

Cynarski

2023

Applied Sciences

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Jujutsu is a close-contact grappling combat sport. Karate is a long-distance combat sport, primarily using strikes and kicks. Well-designed strength characteristics should be capable of differentiating between participants of martial arts and combat sports, especially if, due to training preferences, they develop particular preferences for grappling or striking that differentiate them, as is the case in jujutsu and karate. One hundred and seventy-eight participants were tested for their age, weight, years of training, style (modern jujutsu, Polish and German groups, karate Kyokushin, karate Shotokan), skill level (Kyu or Dan grade), gender, and handgrip strength (HGS). An analysis of variance utilizing age, weight, years of training, martial art, gender, and skill in explaining HGS showed that variance in skill level and the interaction between skills and weight were significant. Furthermore, a post-hoc Tukey’s HSD test based on skills separated practitioners with the second Kyu from those with the sixth Dan grade. There were two groups identified when a similar analysis was conducted for the interaction between skill and weight. The first one encompassed all athletes below the fifth grade, whereas the second one comprised the remaining practitioners. Principal component analysis with gender as a grouping variable showed that women formed a partly separated group of athletes, with the most differentiating factors being age and years of training. When the grouping variable was skill level, the most influential variables were weight, HGS, and age. Finally, utilizing martial arts as a grouping variable showed that age, years of training, and skill were the essential variables. Our study has demonstrated that by utilizing HGS in combination with such characteristics as weight, age, years of training, gender, Dan grade, and martial arts, it is possible to identify differences between people training distinct martial styles, those with varying skills, and those representing opposite sexes. However, the differentiation is only sometimes apparent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Handgrip Strength as a Distinguishing Factor of People Training Martial Arts

Bajkowski,

Cynarski

2023

Applied Sciences

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Influence of maturation level on the development of physical performance in young combat sports athletes: a scoping review

da Silva Athayde,

Kons,

Dopico-Calvo

et al. 2023

Sport Sci Health

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Testing factors influencing handgrip strength and reaction time to visual stimulus in selected martial arts

Bajkowski,

Cynarski

2024

Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences

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Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) is essential in sports, including martial arts, as it can be used to evaluate general athletes’ performance and physical fitness. Reaction time (RT) is another characteristic that is of value in sports based on fast reaction instead of strength. The two measures belong to the same group of coordinative energetic abilities analyzed in sports theory. The available literature suggests that handgrip strength may depend on body weight but can also be affected by other parameters. Additionally, the athlete’s age and martial arts training can impact reaction time. Still, verifying whether the characteristics could be applied to martial arts athletes is crucial. Methods: Several characteristics, such as athletes’ body weight, age, years of training, and skills, were evaluated during a survey of 166 male jiu-jitsu athletes (modern jiu-jitsu) and karate (Shotokan, Kyokushin). HGS was measured based on the dynamometric approach, whereas reaction time was evaluated using Ditrich’s rod method. The data were analyzed using the hierarchical multiple regression method to identify the variables influencing HGS and RT. Furthermore, the classification and regression tree method was implemented to illustrate how variables used in the study influenced HGS or RT. Results: The present study demonstrated that athletes’ body weight is the most significant factor affecting the handgrip strength of male athletes trained in martial arts. It can explain 61% of the HGS variance. Regression analysis of factors influencing reaction time showed that martial arts are the factor that affects the characteristic. However, martial arts can explain up to 17% of the reaction time variance. Based on the classification and regression tree approach, it was shown that HGS depends primarily on athletes’ body weight rather than on their age, skills, and years of training. For reaction time, martial arts were the most significant factor distinguishing between jiu-jitsu and karate participants. The next factor affecting athletes’ classification was years of training. Conclusion: Based on the hierarchical multiple linear regression method and classification and regression tree approach, it was found that athletes’ body weight is the most influential factor affecting the handgrip strength of martial arts practitioners. Reaction time is affected by martial arts. However, using the classification and regression tree approach revealed that additional factors such as athletes’ age, years of training, or skills should be considered. Similarly, reaction time is also affected by years of training. Although our study showed that handgrip strength and reaction time are functions of other variables that can be easily evaluated in trainers’ practice, the two statistical methods cannot reveal the relationships between the variables, suggesting further studies in the field.

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Discriminant factors and the relationship between anthropometry and maturation on strength performance in elite young male Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu athletes

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Handgrip Strength as a Distinguishing Factor of People Training Martial Arts

Handgrip Strength as a Distinguishing Factor of People Training Martial Arts

Influence of maturation level on the development of physical performance in young combat sports athletes: a scoping review

Testing factors influencing handgrip strength and reaction time to visual stimulus in selected martial arts

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