Discrimination and mental health in Ecuadorian immigrants in Spain

Llácer, Alicia; Amo, Julia del; Garcı́a-Fulgueı́ras, Ana; Rojo, Vicente; García-Pino, R; Jarrín, Inma; Diaz, Domingo; Fernández-Liria, Alberto; García-Ortúzar, Visitación; Mazarrasa, L.; Rodríguez-Arenas, M. Ángeles; Zunzunegui, Marı́a Victoria

doi:10.1136/jech.2008.085530

Cited by 51 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…7 Yet, the concept of linked lives suggests that research should also examine how experiences of discrimination encountered by one person may indirectly affect another. 37 Discrimination may result in secondary effects such as financial strain, 21,49 decreased relationship quality, 50 and intimate partner violence. 51 For example, past experiences with discrimination can shape a Black mother's involvement with her child's schooling.…”

Section: 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Life Course Perspective on How Racism May Be Related to Health Inequities

2012

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Recent studies show that racism may influence health inequities. As individuals grow from infancy into old age, they encounter social institutions that may create new exposures to racial bias. Yet, few studies have considered this idea fully. We suggest a framework that shows how racism and health inequities may be viewed from a life course perspective. It applies the ideas of agepatterned exposures, sensitive periods, linked lives, latency period, stress proliferation, historic period, and cohorts. It suggests an overarching idea that racism can structure one's time in asset-building contexts (e.g., education) or disadvantaged contexts (e.g., prison). This variation in time and exposure can contribute to racial inequities in life expectancy and other health outcomes across the life course and over generations. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102: 967-974.

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Section: 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Life Course Perspective on How Racism May Be Related to Health Inequities

2012

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“…In Spain, available studies refer to immigrants and concentrate in describing their health status and health determinants regarding infectious diseases (HIV, TB) (Sanz and Blasco 2007;Sanz-Pelaez et al 2006), mental health (Llacer et al 2009;Bones et al 2010), reproductive health (Gispert 2008; Rio et al 2010) and occupational health Porthe et al 2009); the pattern of use and consumption of resources, services utilization in comparison with Spanish population (Regidor et al 2009;Hernández-Quevedo and Jiménez-Rubio 2009) and the determinants of health services utilization Carrasco-Garrido et al 2007). Very few studies have been conducted on immigrant's opinions on the quality of or access to health services (Garaikoetxea 2007;Instituto de Salud Pública 2004;Terraza-Núñez et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health professional perceptions regarding healthcare provision to immigrants in Catalonia

Núñez

Vázquez

Vargas

et al. 2010

Int J Public Health

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“…'' 7 Over the last decade, increasing evidence supporting a relationship between discrimination and different health outcomes has been presented. Most studies have analyzed the impact of perceived discrimination on mental health, 9,10,11 although some studies have focused on its impact on other health problems and issues, such as hypertension, healthrelated behaviors (smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use), and the use of health services. 3,12,13,14,15,16 Some studies have aimed to increase the visibility of discrimination against women and the absence or neglect of laws to eradicate this inequality.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Sexism as a Health Determinant in Spain

Borrell

Artazcoz

Gil‐González

et al. 2010

Journal of Women's Health

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Objectives: The goals of the present study are to explore the association between perceived sexism and selfperceived health, health-related behaviors, and unmet medical care needs among women in Spain; to analyze whether higher levels of discrimination are associated with higher prevalence of poor health indicators and to examine whether these relationships are modified by country of origin and social class. Materials and methods:The study is based on a cross-sectional design using data from the 2006 Spanish Health Interview Survey. We included women aged 20-64 years (n ¼ 10,927). Six dependent variables were examined: four of health (self-perceived health, mental health, hypertension, and having had an injury during the previous year), one health behavior (smoking), and another related to the use of the health services (unmet need for medical care). Perceived sexism was the main independent variable. Social class and country of origin were considered as effect modifiers. We obtained the prevalence of perceived sexism. Logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were fitted to study the association between sexism and poor health outcomes. Results: The prevalence of perceived sexism was 3.4%. Perceived sexism showed positive and consistent associations with four poor health outcomes (poor self-perceived health, poor mental health, injuries in the last 12 months, and smoking). The strength of these associations increased with increased scores for perceived sexism, and the patterns were found to be modified by country of origin and social class. Conclusion: This study shows a consistent association between perceived sexism and poor health outcomes in a country of southern Europe with a strong patriarchal tradition.

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Discrimination and mental health in Ecuadorian immigrants in Spain

Abstract: Background:

Cited by 51 publications

References 45 publications

A Life Course Perspective on How Racism May Be Related to Health Inequities

A Life Course Perspective on How Racism May Be Related to Health Inequities

Health professional perceptions regarding healthcare provision to immigrants in Catalonia

Perceived Sexism as a Health Determinant in Spain

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